GRADING THE DITCHES FOR TILE. 



117 



good cement mortar. A form is shown in Fig. 27. 

 Probably the most practicable outlet for farm drains, 



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Fig. 27.— Section of Stone Abutment for Drain Outlet. 



especially where ditch banks are subject to shifting, is 

 the box \\ith wire bars at the end, as shown in Fig. 28. 



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Fig 28. — Box Outlets for Tile Drains. 



The Dox should be not less than 12 feet long and set 

 on the grade line of the drain. White-oak planks 2 

 inches thick should be used if they can be had, other- 

 wise pine or hemlock. Large galvanized iron wires 

 secured in a vertical position about 2 inches apart across 

 the end of the box will make a serviceable screen. 



