196 ENGINEERING FOR LAND DRAINAGE. 



impossible to so drain a road in that kind of soil that 

 the water would disappear and the mud-holes not occur. 

 I think now, a year and a half since the road was fin- 

 ished, judging from the heavy travel in all kinds of 

 weather, that the road is a complete success, and is a 

 practical demonstration that a clay road can be drained 

 so as to keep a uniform surface in wet weather. The 

 drainage of that road *was done in the following way: 



* * The road was originally 60 feet wide from fence to 

 fence. We graded the central part, making a roadway 

 32 feet wide. On each side of the roadway was made 

 a storm-ditch of an average depth of 4 feet, 2 feet 

 wide on the bottom, with bank slopes of ij- feet hori- 

 zontal to I foot vertical. After the road-bed had been 

 brought to a grade line and thoroughly finished, a line 

 of drain-pipe 6--inch capacity was laid along each side 

 of the 32 feet; that is to say, a trench was dug 16 feet 

 from the center line of the street to a depth of 4 feet 

 below the grade line of the road-bed. The trench 

 after laying the pipe was filled with stone broken to a 

 2|-inch size. The pipe used was a second quality 

 of vitrified pipe, which can be procured very cheaply 

 at the pipe factory. On account of 6-inch pipe being 

 a standard size, more of it being used than any other, 

 there is always a large amount of what are called ** sec- 

 ends " in theVrd. The company i, always very will- 

 ing to sell them very cheaply, and they answer as well 

 for drainage purposes as first-class pipe. In fact they 

 are cheaper than the soft yellow drain tile, which are 

 liable to break and stop the flow of water in the pipe, 

 causing much trouble and expense for repairs. A drain 

 of this kind was laid each side of the road-bed, with 



