ROAD DRAINAGE. 1 97 



outlets for water at every cross-stream or ditch where 

 it was possible to discharge the water. After the drains 

 were put in, a strip of brick pavement was laid close 

 to one of the drains, leaving 24 feet width of dirt road 

 for summer use. This dirt was repeatedly rolled with a 

 heavy roller until the upper foot or 2 feet of the crust 

 of the road-bed became hard and solid. (See Fig. 39.) 



20 ft. 



Buck 



^Storm Water^ 

 JDitch. 



^> Vim 



t'Trencli flUed. wath Broken Stone W^fK 

 I^.^Tile Drain ^^"^^ 



Fig. 39. — Combined Brick and Clay Road as constructed in 

 Cuyahoga Co., Ohio. 



Our work on that road has demonstrated that heavy roll- 

 ing of a road which has been properly drained will form 

 a crust or roof, so that water cannot stay on the road, 

 but must flow at once into the drain-pipe and disappear ; 

 and in case of storm water too rapid for the pipe-trench 

 to catch and carry off, the water flowed over the pipe- 

 trench into the storm-ditches, which never fail to carry 

 off all the water that comes. Since the road was fin- 

 ished there has been no break, no settlement, no stop- 

 page of water, no ruts, no mud, and travel on the road 

 has doubled many times, thus showing the popularity 

 of a hard, even roadway for winter travel as well as 

 summer, 



' * The method of holding the brick in place alongside 

 of the dirt road was devised by me, and consists of three 

 courses of brick standing endwise, the first course flush 

 with the top of the pavement, the second breaking 

 joints and dropping 2 inches lower, and the third 2 



