Al4 MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS 
could retain their vitality in milk for thirty-cight days. Some of the 
cells even retained their vitality after the milk had curdled. These 
statements are interesting when compared to the results secured by 
Laser (1891) in butter. 
Taste XLITI 
INCIDENCE OF B. TUBERCULOSIS IN MARKET MILK 
(Quoted from Parker 1917) 
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| 
Date) Place. | Tnvestigntor, | NPS. ovRaRS | Raake | eats 
1899 | England........ | Macfayden. . . 77 17 22 1 
1904 | Germany....... | Muller...... 1596 97 6 2 
1904 | Germany....... | Beatty...... | 272 27 10.6 
1898 | Liverpool....... Delepine..... | 12 22 17.6 
1897 | Liverpool....... Hope........| 228 12 5.2 
1900 | London ....... Klein ....... 100 7 7.0 
1893 | Petrograd...... Scharbekow.. | 80 4 5.0 
1900 | Kiew ........ Pawlowsky. . | 51 | 1 20 
1900 | Krakow........ | Burwid....... | 60 2 3.3 
1900 | Naples......... Mareonl..... | 14 7 50 0 
1898 ‘Ben beac eeeeee Petri... .. 2.00. | 64 9 14.0 
1900 Berlin.......... | Beik........ | 56 17 30.3 
1898 | Schev. Gueund../ Ott ........ | 27 27 11.1 
1898 | Koénigsburg.....| Jaeger....... 100 7 7.0 
1908 | Leipsic......... ber......... 210 22 10.5 
1905 | Rotterdam..... Smit... .. 0.0. 567 14 2.7 
1906 ! Rotterdam..... Smit......... 15384 45 2.8 
1908 | Washington.....) Andergon...../ 228 I | 67 
1909 | Louisville....... | Field........ 119 46 295 
1909 | New York......| Hess........ 105 17 : 16.2 
1909 | Philadelphia....) Campbell..... 1380 18 13.8 
1910 | Chicago ....... Tonney...... 144 15 10.6 
12.6 
1910 | Roechester...... | Goler......., 237 30 
| 
Bacillus Diphtherie. Diphtheria is a typical milk-borne disease. 
Marshall (1907) has reported the isolation of the organisins from milk. 
Trask (1912) has given a good résumé of such epidemics. 
PASTEURIZATION 
Pasteurization is the heating of a food substance for a time below the 
boiling-point. It is now almost exclusively applied to the heating of 
milk in order to make it a safer food. 
It is an old idea having been used by Scheele (McIntosh, 1901), in 
1782, to preserve vinegar. In 1831, Appert preserved various animal 
