APPLES 137 
the nursery row for one or more years 
before setting them in the orchard Such 
a practice affords an opportunity fol 
weeding out the weak and undesirable 
trees before they reach their permanent 
location, and permits of the full use of 
the orchard land for other purposes for 
WY 
A en al ‘ 
4 
. 
yt 
ig 2 A Wellshaped 12 year-old) Tree 
one or more years without affecting the 
development of the trees. It is also 
claimed that such a practice induces early 
pearing. The chief objection to the prac- 
tice is the added expense in handling 
such large trees when they are finally 
transferred to their permanent location. 
7, 
Pi ? “ 
Fig. 3. Poorly-shaped Young Tree. The 
Head Has Been Started Too High. 
First and Second Grades 
Nurserymen frequently offer two grades 
of trees, known as first-class and second- 
class. Those of the latter grade are usu- 
ally illshaped or undersized trees and 
may be obtained at a lower rate. Some- 
é 
times fairly good results follow the use 
of second-class stock, but as a rule the 
saving is not sufficient to warrant the 
taking of any chances on such trees. The 
largest trees of a certain age are not 
necessarily the best for planting. They 
are more difficult to handle, and as a rule 
are more seriously affected by transplant- 
ing. Southern-grown nursery stock is us- 
ually larger than that grown in the North. 
This is not a serious objection, but the 
extremely large trees receive such a 
shock at the time of transplanting that 
they frequently make a very slow and 
scanty growth the first season. 
Healthy Stock 
Care should be exercised in selecting 
stock free from disease and injurious in- 
sects. It is a common thing to find trees 
atfected with crown-gall, woolly aphis, and 
San Jose scale. It is important also to 
make sure that the trees have been well 
cared for after digging. Most nursery 
stock is dug in the fall and either heeled 
in over winter or stored in cool sheds, 
cellars, or cold storage houses. Trees 
with bark that has become blackened, dry 
and shriveled, or soft and loose, are likely 
to have been injured in storage and 
should not be accepted 
Cc. D. Jarvis. 
Storrs, Conn. 
Age of Trees to Plant 
It is the habit of many orchardists in 
the middle and eastern states to plant 
two-year-old nursery stock; but in the Pa- 
cific states the choice is almost univer- 
sally for the one-year-old stock. 
Professor Fabian Garcia, speaking from 
the standpoint of New Mexico, says: 
“The age of trees to plant varies as a 
rule from one to three years old from 
the bud. In some parts of the Hast the 
one-year-old is planted, while in other 
parts the two and three-year-old tree is 
used. In special cases large trees from 
four to six years old can be planted with 
fairly satisfactory results. The general 
rule, however, is to plant young trees. 
Experience shows that the one and two- 
year-old apple trees are to be preferred. 
If the one-year-old trees are large and 
well grown they can be used in place 
