APPLES 
an inch wide on the side of the board 
that will include the hole made in the 
middle and then saw out this piece. 
Stakes, 12 to 14 inches long, are pro- 
vided which will easily slip through the 
end holes. In using this device, the 
groove in the center of the board is 
placed tightly against the stake standing 
where the tree is to go, a stake 1s pushed 
into the ground through each of the holes 
at the end, then the bar is removed. 
After the hole has been dug it is only 
necessary to replace the board over the 
end stakes and bring the trunk of the 
tree to occupy the same position as that 
occupied by the stake. After the hole 
is practically filled the bar is again 
brought into service and the tree placed 
in its exact position. 
Triangle 
The second common device employed for 
locating trees is a triangle made by nail- 
ing firmly together three strips each one- 
half inch thick, two inches wide and six 
feet long, allowing a projection of three 
inches of the strips at the corners of the 
on, 
Fig. 3. Triangle for Locating Trees. 
triangle thus formed. In use, one pro- 
jecting corner of the triangle is placed 
firmly against the stake standing where 
the tree is to go and a stake driven in 
each of the other two corners, the triangle 
is removed, the hole dug and the tree 
brought into exact position similarly to 
that given for the bar. 
For Large Areas 
Where large areas are to be planted 
it is often wise to have two or four of 
169 
these tree locating devices all constructed 
according to the same specifications. Two 
men proceed to locate the temporary stakes 
and to dig the holes while two others 
follow, with the same kind of locating 
device, setting the trees. 
ASide from the fact that the tree lo- 
caters are serviceable in putting the trees 
in their exact positions, they also give the 
planter a good idea of the depth at which 
the trees are being set. Without their 
use, trees may easily be placed in the 
holes and the earth filled in about them 
before it is discovered that the planting 
has been too shallow. 
J. R. SHINN, 
Moscow, Idaho. 
Protecting the Roots 
When the ground is ready for planting, 
the trees are hauled to the land, distrib- 
uted at convenient distances, and heeled- 
in in bunches. The roots should not be 
exposed to the air more than is abso- 
lutely necessary. 
Puddling 
Some growers believe in “puddling” the 
trees before they are taken to the field. 
This operation consists in dipping the 
roots in a semi-liquid made of clay and 
water. The clay forms a coating over the 
roots and prevents their drying out. It 
is claimed that fewer failures follow the 
planting of puddled trees than trees that 
have not been so treated. If the planting 
is done during drying weather, this treat- 
ment may prove to be an advantage, but 
Where ordinary care is exercised in pro- 
tecting the roots from the sun and wind, 
there is little need for such treatment. 
The trees for immediate planting may be 
distributed by using a barrel on a stone 
boat. If the barrel is kept about half full 
of water and the trees left in it until 
needed for planting, there will be no dan- 
ger of their dying out. 
Method of Planting 
The work of planting may be most ex- 
peditiously done with four men, or two 
men and two boys. One man operates the 
planting-board, another digs the holes, a 
third brings the trees and holds them in 
position, while the fourth man shovels in 
the soil. Boys may be used to operate the 
