256 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
and the land between the trees is to be 
utilized by the planting of “fillers” and 
the growth of vegetables. By “fillers” we 
mean other varieties of trees between 
the rows. We are presuming that apples 
will be the main crop, and that every- 
thing is to be subordinated to the idea 
of producing a permanent apple orchard 
that will live and bear perhaps one hun- 
dred years, but ‘fillers’? may be planted 
with a view to sacrificing them when 
the apple trees need the soil and sun- 
shine. ° 
Peach and Pear Fillers 
* We will suppose that the square 
method is chosen and that the trees are 
planted two rods apart each way. This 
makes on one full acre of land 40 trees, 
and on ten acres, 400 trees. We would 
then plant the same number of rows of 
pear trees midway between the rows of 
apple trees, and plant them one rod apart. 
This ‘gives 80 pear trees per acre, or 800 
* Hor ‘other methods of planting, see article 
on “Laying Out the Orchard.’—Ed. 
trees on ten acres. We would then plant 
as many peach trees as apple trees mid- 
way between the apple trees, making 40 
peach trees per acre, or 400 on ten acres. 
This gives, in all, 160 trees per acre, one 
rod apart, or 1,600 on a full ten acres. 
Many would not plant peaches, and 
their objection is that peaches are differ- 
ent in nature from apples and pears; 
that they grow with spreading branches, 
rendering it difficult to work and culti- 
vate among the trees. It is also claimed 
that spraying apples and pears for codling 
moth often specks the peaches and _ in- 
jures them. We have fully weighed these 
objections, and do not consider them im- 
portant as compared with the fact that 
the peach is a rapid grower, an early 
bearer and ordinarily profitable. The 
fact that it is of a different nature from 
apples and pears and extracts different 
food substances from the soil is in its 
favor, because it does not compete so 
strongly for the same food. The fact that 
it grows with spreading branches: may be 
remedied largely by pruning. The diffi- 
Fig. 1. 
Onions on New Land. 
