APPLES 
Basket 
The basket can be used successfully 
only for home markets, and for apples 
that are to be sold for immediate use, 
such as summer apples. The style of bas- 
ket most used in New York state contains 
approximately a bushel; is tall, narrow at 
the base, and flaring wide at the top A 
style used to a great extent in the Middle 
states holds appioximately one-third of 
a bushel and is rectangular in shape 
These baskets are standard packages for 
many of the fruits and vegetables in the 
sections where they are popular. On the 
Pacific coast the basket is not used for 
even the summer apple, the box or half- 
pox taking its place 
Standard Barrel 
The United States standard for apple 
barrels as established by the enactment 
of the “Sulzer” bill in 1912, calls for 
the “length of stave, 2814 inches; 
diameter of head, 1734 inches; dis- 
tance between heads, 26 inches; cir- 
cumference of bulge, 64 inches outside 
measurement, representing as nearly as 
possible 7,056 cubie inches” The law 
further provides that “barrels packed 
with apples shall be deemed to be below 
standard if the barrel bears any state 
ment, design, or device indicating that 
the barrel is a standard barrel of apples,” 
as to size, and the capacity of the barrel 
is less than the capacity indicated above, 
“unless the barrel shall be plainly marked 
on end and side with the words ‘short 
barrel,’ or with words or figures showing 
the fractional relation which the actual 
capacity of the barrel bears to the ca- 
pacity prescribed by * * * this act” 
And, further, that such “marking re- 
quired shall be in block letters of size 
not less than 72-point, one-inch gothic.” 
The penalty for selling or offering for 
sale apples in barrels in violation of the 
provisions of this act is $1.00 for each 
barrel sold or offered for sale. 
The legal apple barrel in the state of 
New York has the same dimensions as 
the United States standard, except that 
the distances between heads or the cubic 
capacity are not specified. Provision is 
made that if the barrel is straight on 
327 
the side, or without a bulge, it shall con- 
tain the same number of cubic inches as 
the standard barrel The standard apple 
hariel as adopted by the International 
Apple Shippers’ Association in 1895 is 
the same as the New York standard. The 
legal apple barrel in Virginia has been: 
head diameter, 1714 inches; length of 
stave, 2714 inches; bulge, not less than 
64 inches outside measurement. The 
minimum dimensions of a legal barrel in 
Canada are: 2614 inches between heads; 
17 inches diameter of heads; 181% inches 
diameter of middle, all inside measure- 
ments This barrel, in common use in 
Nova Scotia, is made of 28-inch staves. 
The barrel In use in Ontario is made of 
30-inch staves Its dimensions are: be- 
tween heads, 2714 inches; head diameter, 
17 inches, middle diameter, 191%, inches. 
Barrel Specifications 
The specifications for a good apple bar- 
rel call for a sound stave, nine-sixteenths 
inch jointing, cut five inches to two inches 
and averaging four inches in width at the 
bulge The head to be not less than one- 
half inch in thickness, dressed, and the 
barrel to have eight hoops. The material 
preferred is elm. 
Standard Box 
Several unsuccessful attempts have 
been made to establish a national stan- 
dard apple box in the United States. 
The proposed “Porter” box was to con- 
tain 2,564 cubic inches, the “Lafean”’ 
box, 2,343 cubic inches. Three sizes have 
found favor sufficient to establish them 
as standard in certain sections. The “Col- 
orado” box, which is used mostly in Col- 
orado and Utah, measures 1114x11%4x1814 
inches, and contains 2,261.625 cubic 
inches. The Canadian, or “special,” box 
measures 10 inches deep, 11 inches wide 
and 20 inches long, and contains 2,200 
cubic inches. The “Northwest Standard” 
box is 1014 inches deep, 1144 inches wide 
and 18 inches long, and contains 2,173.5 
cubic inches. All the toregoing dimen- 
sions are inside measurements. The 
bulge on the top and bottom, with which 
it is customary to pack a box of apples, 
adds, it is usually figured, about 150 cubic 
inches to its contents. A struck Winches- 
