APPLES 
Packer 26 
2043 
(Warehouse lot number) 
Winesap 
From 
John Doe 
Zillah, Wash, 
Fig. 25. Suggestion for Stamping an Apple 
Box. Notice that the box rests on its side, 
in which position boxes are always piled. 
The space at the bottom is for an address, 
in case the box be sent by express. 
Lithograph to be on the other end, top to- 
ward top of box. 
of the box, being used to impress the 
retailer and the “ultimate consumer,” 
who may be expected to open the box 
from the top. 
Lithographs for individuals cannot be 
recommended. Their use results in too 
many brands, and confusion in the mar- 
kets. For the same reason the brand 
should be made to include as large an 
output as possible by co-operation. The 
present tendency is toward the use of 
brands, rather than of quality designa- 
tions, for selling the product, a differ- 
ent brand being used for each grade. 
The brand lends itself easily for adver- 
tising purposes. To be of service, it 
must be somewhat striking. It is more 
Fig. 26. Convenient Arrangement for Rubber 
Stamps and Pad To Be Used in Connection 
With a Nailing Press. 
351 
pleasing if it can be used without the 
word brand accompanying it, the word 
spoiling the felicity of a name and leav- 
ing a shoppy taste with the article: e. g., 
Columbia Apples rather than Columbia 
Brand of apples. In the Northwest two 
or three process labels cost from $3.50 
to $4 a thousand. 
GRADES AND TIERS 
Some factors governing the price of 
apples are their size, color and condition 
(including freedom from blemish or ex- 
tent of it). In the case of box apples 
the grade has been determined chiefly by 
the color and condition, size entering 
only as a limit, designated by the count 
in the box, below which apples are to be 
excluded from a certain grade. But there 
are certain counts of apples which, almost 
regardless of grade, vary in desirability, 
and, to a less extent, in price. In the 
average market the medium sized apple 
is more desirable than the large or the 
small apple. Although on account of the 
usually limited supply of the large, which 
does not exceed the limited demand for 
such large “special purpose” apples, the 
large apples are not usually sold at a less 
price, as are the small. In the North- 
west, the counts of apples, resulting 
from the first method by which they were 
packed, lent themselves readily to a clas- 
sification into groups, which latter were 
generalized by a now apparently arbi- 
trary use of the word tier, and differen- 
tiated by the now equally arbitrary pre- 
fixes, 21%, 3, 3%, 4, 4%, and.5. 
GRADES 
The grades for apples established by 
the Northwestern Fruit Exchange and 
the North Pacific Fruit Distributors fol- 
low: 
Northwestern Fruit Exchange Apple 
Grading Rules for 1913 
Apples will be classed in three grades, 
known by the packers as No. 1, No. 2 
and No. 3. 
Specifications of each grade are as fol- 
lows: 
Grade No. 1 [Extra Fancy] 
All varieties of apples may be admitted, 
but they must be clean and of natural 
