356 
infectious diseases, limb or leaf rub, mis- 
shapen fruit and all other defects equally 
detrimental. Fruit bruised or punctured 
or showing other evidences of rough 
handling shall not be permitted in this 
grade. Pears must have stem or part of 
same intact. 
Fancy 
This grade shall be but slightly below 
the Extra Fancy pack; and shall consist 
of pears not less than two inches in diam- 
eter (except Winter Nelis, which shall 
not be less than 1% inches); must be 
hand picked, clean and sound, free from 
insect pests, sun damage, broken skin, 
scald, scale, worms, worm stings, infec- 
tious diseases and all other defects equal- 
ly detrimental, excepting that slight limb 
or leaf rub, scratches or russeting will be 
permitted provided no pear shall show 
total blemishes aggregating more than 
one-half inch in diameter. Pears must 
have stem or part of same intact. Fruit 
clearly misshapen, bruised, or bearing 
evidence of rough handling shall not be 
permitted in this grade. 
“C” Grade 
This grade should be the same as the 
“O” grade provided for the other vari- 
eties of pears. 
Seckel Pears 
These should be packed in half boxes, 
the top faced, and then filled gently so 
as to prevent bruising. Boxes to be lined. 
Make one grade only, keeping out all in- 
sect pests, worm holes, stings, scale, mis- 
shapen and blemished fruit. 
PEACHES 
Peaches should be picked for packing 
only when fully developed, but firm or 
hard ripe. Yellow meated varieties should 
show some yellow color. The fruit should 
be picked and laid in the baskets or pails, 
not dropped, and should be taken from 
the vessel only at packing table. All 
possible care should be used to avoid 
bruises. 
Use standard peach boxes: cleats on 
top only; use 4d special orange box ce- 
ment nails for bottoms and sides. Drive 
nails one inch from corner. Four nails 
to each piece. Use three 4d cement box 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
nails to each cleat—one in the center, and 
one driven two inches from the end of 
the cleat. The cover should hold the 
fruit firmly in the box but should not 
bulge more than % inch. Use 41,-1nch 
boxes only for Elberta peaches, running 
50 to 84, both inclusive, avoiding the use 
of extra cleats except in extreme cases, 
Peaches that are too large to be laid in 
the box five wide should be packed two 
and three -in 44-inch boxes If the 
peaches are roundish, as in the case of 
Crawfords, it will be necessary to use 
some four-inch boxes with this pack 
Peaches that will go five across the box 
or smaller should be packed three and 
three in four-inch boxes. The excellence 
of the pack depends upon uniform grad- 
ing. The peaches in a box should not 
vary more than 44 inch in diameter All 
grades must be carefully wrapped in suit- 
able paper. 
Peaches that run less than 96 to the 
box should not be packed for shipment. 
Kighty-four count should be the minimum 
for Hlbertas. In packing the box should 
sit on an incline with the lower end of 
the box to the packer. Both tiers should 
be carried forward together. The peaches 
should be placed in the box stem end 
down, those in the top tier resting in 
the spaces between those in the lower tier 
so that no peach will rest squarely on 
top of another. Pack all peaches with 
the loose end of the wrapper down. No 
over-ripe, undersized, immature, bruised, 
misshapen, diseased, wormy, or otherwise 
defective fruit should be packed. Over- 
ripes may be packed for special purposes 
With the letter “R’’ marked on the end 
of the box. 
All marks should be placed on one end 
of the box only. The variety shall be 
placed in the upper right hand corner; 
the number of peaches in the upper left 
hand corner and the grower’s name at 
the top in the middle, and name of local 
district in the lower right hand corner. 
Use rubber stamps. 
Each local district shall employ an in- 
spector qualified to give instructions in 
picking and packing, and whose duty it 
will be to see that each packing house is 
