516 
in diameter. The duration of the larval 
stage is from sixteen to twenty-four days. 
The Pupa—Shortly after becoming full 
grown the larva leaves the apple and 
seeks some protected spot in which to 
hide while passing through its transfor- 
mations from larva to pupa, then to 
moth. Having found a suitable place, it 
hollows out a little oval cavity with its 
jaws and proceeds to envelop itself in a 
thin tough cocoon of silken threads in- 
termingled with particles of the excavated 
material. When completed, the cocoon is 
usually oval in form and about three- 
fourths of an inch long. When the pupal 
stage is reached the insect remains in 
that stage for about three weeks, and 
then emerges as the adult or moth. 
The Moth or Adult—The moths are 
really beautiful little creatures. The body 
Fig. 1. Codling moth. 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
is about three-eighths of an inch long and 
is of a modest greyish brown color. The 
fore wings when fully expanded measure 
about three-fourths of an inch from tip 
to tip and are of approximately the same 
color as the body but relieved by incon- 
Spicuous, transverse wavy lines or lighter 
scales. The hind wings which are en- 
tirely covered when the insect is at rest 
are nearly slate colored and. are clothed 
with long hairs. The most characteristic 
marking is a large golden brown spot at 
the posterior outer angle of each front 
wing. No other insect is known which 
has this marking and no insect need be 
mistaken for the codling moth. The males 
are further distinguished by a narrow 
pencil of black hairs on the hind wings 
and an elongated black spot on the upper 
surface of each front wing. 
arpa 
TT Wa 
\y Woe 
2 YA) 
\ V YZ y, 
ST) / 
HH ry * 
A, adult moth with wings expanded; B, egg much enlarged; C, half of 
worm-eaten apple; D, cocoon with empty pupa shell protruding; E, cocoon with pupa en- 
closed; F, leaf and apple showing eggs of a codling moth; G, caterpillar or “apple worm’’ 
enlarged; H, a, young apple just after petals fall; b, cup beginning to close; ec, too late to 
spray. (Montana Experiment Station.) 
