520 
shield, while that of the twig miner is 
the same as the rest of the body. When 
fully grown, the larvae are one-half inch 
long and of a dirty gray color. They are 
not yet full grown with the opening of 
the buds in spring and will feed upon 
the blossoms during the entire blossom- 
ing period. They may mat the blossoms 
and leaves of a cluster together with their 
silken threads within which they feed, 
making it difficult to reach them with 
spray. 
Life History 
The larvae, like those of the twig 
miner, winter on the twigs and branches 
in an immature condition, but while the 
twig miner excavates a cavity in the 
bark, the larvae of the bud moth form 
minute inconspicuous cocoons on the 
bark. This is a peculiar habit of a few 
larvae that form cocoons before reaching 
maturity. 
As the buds start in spring the larvae 
leave their wintery quarters and begin 
feeding upon the outcoming leaves and 
blossoms. They mature in early May, 
pupate, and in from 10 to 14 days appear 
as adults. The moths deposit eggs in 
late May and early June, probably upon 
the leaves (although this has not been 
determined). The young larvae feed on 
the under surface of the leaves and 
skeletonize them, especially in the vicin- 
ity of the midrib. So far as known, 
there is but one generation, although 
from the shortness of the life cycle, it is 
apparent that moths from the first brood 
might produce a second generation that 
would mature in time to deposit eggs 
for the spring forms. 
Remedies 
There are three methods of control. 
The first is to spray the trees before the 
buds start in spring in order to destroy 
the overwintering larvae. One applica- 
tion of crude oil emulsion or kerosene 
emulsion, applied just before the buds 
start, would be the most effective means 
for this. 
The second method is to spray with ar- 
senicals when the larvae are feeding 
upon the foliage and blossoms, but they 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
are sometimes hard to reach, especially 
when they have matted the blossoms to- 
gether. The pome fruits that are weal] 
sprayed for the codling moth will not be 
bothered with the bud moth. 
Third. Recent experiments tend to 
show that the best time to spray for 
this insect is in the fall at a time when 
the larvae are working on the under side 
of the leaves. This spray applied about 
September 1, will also help to catch a 
great many codling moth larvae. 
Fall Web Worm 
Hyphantria cunea Dru 
The moth producing this caterpillar is 
white and sometimes has a few black spots 
on the wings. The larvae hatching from 
masses of eggs laid on different parts 
of the trees spin their webs which ex- 
tend over quite an area. These webs 
may be noticed in the Mesilla valley by 
the middle of July on a number of trees, 
but more particularly on the cottonwood 
and poplar. The caterpillars will first eat 
all the leaves within the web, then those 
nearest by, often defoliating the entire 
tree. The worm is noticeably set with 
eT 
Pali See SN, 
aoe oe ws = 
d ata * © Mihai: } oe aren . 
ZZ ee Zope 
moth tH ea coat k, 1895, B. of Ent 
. owar earbook, , B. nt. 
US DA) y ° 
Fig. 1. a, b, caterpillars: d, 
