Hag Moth 
Phobetron pithecium 
This is a slug-like caterpillar of very 
singular form, sometimes found upon ap- 
ple, oak and wild cherry. It reaches a 
length of 0.60 inch. Extending out from 
each side of its body are four long ten- 
tacle-like curved and tapering fleshy 
processes. The color is dark brown. The 
adult is a purplish brown moth, with a 
stretch of front wings of a trifle less than 
one inch. 
The insect pupates in a papery cocoon 
upon the outside of which are attached 
the long processes from the body of the 
caterpillar. These bear nettle-hairs which 
have been thought to protect the enclosed 
pupa from enemies. The cocoons are at- 
tached to twigs and bark. 
The insect is interesting chiefly be- 
cause of its singular appearance. It is 
never common. 
Hickory Tiger Moth 
Halesidota caryae 
So called because of the color and spot- 
ting of the wings. The caterpillars are 
about one and one-half inches long and 
have a row of eight black tufts along the 
pack, and two long black pencils, each on 
the fourth and tenth segments. Orchards 
sprayed for codling moth will not be 
troubled. 
Ivy or Oleander Seale 
Aspidiotus hederae, Vall. 
General Appearance.—Circular flat scale, 
one-sixteenth to one-eighth of an inch in 
diameter, the male scales being very much 
smaller. The color varies from light to 
dark gray. 
The life history is the same as the 
San Jose scale. It is distributed gener- 
ally throughout the country. 
Controt—Same as San Jose scale. A 
small chalcid fly works effectively on this 
scale. 
E. O. Essie, 
Cal. Hort. Com. 
Lear CruMPLER.—See Apple Leaf Crum- 
pler, this section. 
LeaF Hoprrrer.—See Apple Leaf Hopper, 
this section. 
Lear Mrner.—See Trumpet Leaf Miner, 
this section. 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
Lear Rotier.—See Oblique Banded Leaf 
Roller, this section. 
LEAF SEWER.—See Apple 
this section. 
Lear Syneta.—See Fruit Tree Leaf 
Syneta, this section. 
LECANIUM.——See Huropean Fruit Lecan- 
ium, this section. 
Lesser Apple Leaf Folder 
Acleris mniinuta Rob. 
Leaf Seuer, 
This leaf folder commences work with 
the opening of the leaves. The eggs for 
the spring brood are laid by a small slate- 
gray moth and hatch into small green 
worms, having pale brown or yellowish 
heads with white markings. The oppo- 
site edges of the young leaves are drawn 
together upwards and fastened with a 
silken web, thus forming a roofed cham. 
ber within which the caterpillar lives 
Like all of its family, when alarmed, it 
deftly lowers itself to the ground by 
means of a silken thread. It is con- 
trolled by the lime-sulphur wash. 
H. A. Gossarp 
Lesser Apple Worm 
Hnarmonia prunivora Walsh 
During the past few years the species 
known as Hnarmonia prunivora has been 
found very commonly infesting the fruit 
of the apple in various parts of the 
United States, in some sections so abun- 
dantly as to cause serious loss to or- 
chardists, the insect ranking in impor- 
tance as an apple pest close to the codling 
moth. 
The small, fusiform, flesh-colored lar- 
vae, about three-eighths of an inch long, 
injure the fruit around the calyx by eat- 
ing out shallow cavities or boring holes 
into the flesh from one-fourth to one-half 
inch or more in depth, in the ripening 
fruit occasionally penetrating to the seeds. 
The surface of the fruit, especially in 
the calyx basin, is also injured, the lar- 
vae working beneath the skin and eating 
out galleries or large blotch mines, fre- 
quently with holes or borings extending 
more deeply into the flesh. The work of 
this species resembles rather closely that 
of the codling moth, and the similarity 
of the larva to the codling moth larva 
and the further similarity in the life his- 
