544 
OR SIO. 
Western Tussock Moth: Larva feed- 
Fig. 2. 
(Original. ) 
ing on Apple Foliage. 
segment is a series of four or five orange 
yellow dots, extended to the sides; third 
and anterior part of fourth more broadly 
and distinctly patched with orange. From 
the dorsum of fifth, sixth, seventh and 
eighth spring bundles of long silky hairs, 
whitish drab at their base, chestnut to- 
wards their tips. Along the lateral re- 
gion is a double row of bright red tu- 
bercles, and on the third, fourth, tenth, 
eleventh and twelfth, these extend across 
the body, six tubercles appearing on each 
segment. Out of these spring a series of 
long yellowish white hairs, sparsely in- 
terspersed with black, and becoming more 
decidedly yellow laterally. From the cen- 
ter of twelfth segment a bundle of long 
yellow hairs, tufted with black; under 
side blackish; feet and pro-legs orange 
yellow, with the claws black. Length one 
inch.” 
When mature the larvae usually seek 
Fig. 3. 
Kastern relative of the Western species. 
White Marked Tussock Moth. An 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
some protected place for forming their 
cocoons and in such a place collect in 
large numbers if very abundant. Oceca- 
sionally they will gather bunches of leaves 
at the tip of twigs and form their co- 
coons under these; this takes place in 
early June. About the last of June the 
females and males emerge, copulate; and 
the females being unable to fly, remain 
hanging to the old cocoons. The males 
fly both at night and during the day; 
they live but a short time after copula- 
tion. 
It has been stated that the males are 
attracted to the females by their odor 
and that they will go long distances to 
find them. As the eggs are deposited the 
females secrete a cement-like substance 
which surrounds the eggs and forms an 
excellent protection against climatic con- 
ditions and enemies. This also fastens 
them very securely to whatever they are 
laid upon. As the eggs pass from the 
body the abdomen contracts until the fe- 
male is but head and legs with but a 
semblance of an abdomen. The egg 
masses are grayish brown in color, nearly 
spherical and measure about one-fourth 
inch in diameter. There is but a single 
brood each season and the eggs remain 
over until from early summer to early 
spring. There is little danger that this 
insect will ever become a very serious 
pest but it is at all times annoying and 
may at times need special treatment. 
Remedies . 
Our most common spray of arsenate of 
lead, 2 pounds to 50 gallons of water, is 
Fig. 4. Dead Caterpillar of the California Tus- 
sock Moth Moved to Show the Pupa Cases 
of Internal Parasites, Which After Killing 
it Pupated Underneath the Dead Body. 
(Essig) 
