582 
are two ways in which the pollen can be 
conveyed from the one to the other. The 
first is by the wind, which is exceptional, 
the second is by insects, generally by bees 
gathering nectar from the flowers. In 
the process of gathering food the pollen 
is scattered in minute particles upon the 
feet, head and organs of the bee, carried 
from one flower to the other, and depos- 
ited where it is suited to the process of 
germination. 
The importance of pollen carrying in- 
sects cannot, therefore, be over-estimated. 
Yet, there is at present a difficulty in the 
successful keeping of bees that feed upon 
the nectar from orchard flowers, on ac- 
count of the fact that the spraying for 
codling moth must be done after the 
petals of the flowers have fallen and be- 
fore the calyx cup closes. At this time 
the spray should be forced into the calyx 
cup. If this is done and the bee gets the 
poison instead of the nectar it dies as 
surely as the codling moth would die if 
it entered the calyx cup. We may yet 
discover an insect that will feed upon 
the codling moth, and grow it in our or- 
chards, as there have been in many cases 
discovered insects that feed upon others 
and destroy them, but until such discov- 
ery is made the spraying habit must con- 
tinue in order to successfully grow fruits, 
and bee keeping in orchards will be more 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
or less perilous because thousands of 
those little creatures will be killed by 
getting the poison intended for the moth. 
At the present time we have no means 
of knowing how to fertilize our trees ex- 
cept through the aid of insects that carry 
the pollen, nor have we any knowledge 
of how to kill the codling moth that so 
Seriously damages the fruit without the 
use of arsenate of lead or some other 
poison. However, we believe it profit- 
able, with all the dangers that accom- 
pany it, to keep bees in orchards, for 
while many of them will be killed, many 
will also survive, and the principal profit 
will be, not so much in the honey which 
they produce, as in the fertilization of 
the trees. 
The Sense Perception of Bees 
How They Hear, See, Smell, Feel and 
Taste.—We quote the following from the 
Encyclopedia Britannica: 
“The physiology of the sense percep- 
tions in a class of animals of a nature so 
remote from our own must necessarily 
be very imperfectly understood by us. 
The great diversity of character presented 
by the different tribes of insects, as well 
aS of other animals, naturally suggests 
the idea that external objects produce on 
their sentient organs widely different im- 
pressions from those communicated to 
ourselves. The notions that we form of 
Fig. 1. 
A Profitable Colony of Bees in the Yakima Country. 
—Courtesy N. P. Ry. Co. 
