BEES 
their management by any who are not 
experts extremely difficult. 
Cyprio-Carniolans and Cyprio-Caucas- 
ians —Bees combining the blood of the 
first two races in various proportions 
have been tested for years in comparison 
with all other known races, with the re- 
sult that the cross mentioned above has 
been found to exceed all of the pure races 
in honey-gathering powers, owing un- 
doubtedly to the combination of great en- 
ergy, hardiness, prolificness, and wing- 
power, as well as greater length of tongue 
—a fact established by actual measure- 
ments. Similar results, with even greater 
gentleness, may be expected from the 
eross obtained between Cyprian queens 
and Caucasian drones. 
Syrian and Palestine or “Holy-Land” 
Bees.—What has been said of Cyprians 
may be taken to apply in a general sense 
to Syrian and Palestine bees, except that 
in these the good qualities are slightly 
less prominent, while some of the bad 
ones of the Cyprians are accentuated 
German, Common Black, or Brown Bees. 
—The bees commonly found wild, and 
cultivated to a greater or less extent, in 
this country, and known under the above 
name, are probably derived from early in- 
troductions from the Old World. In com- 
parison with the races above enumerated, 
they may be said to be inferior, since 
they possess the least energy in honey 
collecting, are less prolific, and not as 
good defenders of their hives. Under 
favorable conditions, however, as regards 
pasturage they may be relied upon for 
excellent results. They are, however, 
spiteful under manipulation, and have the 
disagreeable habit of running from the 
combs and dropping in bunches on the 
ground, likewise or flying from the hive 
entrance and attacking passers-by. They 
are more easily discouraged than other 
bees during slack times as regards honey 
production, and this is doubtless the main 
reason for their generally inferior eco- 
nomic value. 
What Hive to Adopt 
The suspended Langstroth frame is 
used more than any other frame among 
English-speaking bee keepers. There being 
587 
Fig 4 Langstroth Hive with Two Half-depth 
Supers for Surplus Honey. 
no patent on the Langstroth hive, and 
accurately made hives being obtainable at 
moderate prices from hive factories in 
various parts of the country, it is taken 
for granted that the enterprising begin- 
ner will adopt a simple form embodying 
this principle—the loose-fitting, suspend- 
ed comb frame~—as its main feature. The 
hive should not only be substantially 
built, but should have accurate bee spaces 
and a close-fitting, rainproof cover or roof. 
Factory-made hives, as a rule, best meet 
these requirements, as both lock joints 
and halved corners can only be made to 
advantage by machinery, and the expert 
hive builder understands, of course, the 
absolute necessity of great accuracy in 
bee spaces, as well as the great desirabil- 
ity of good material and workmanship. 
Provision should also be made for winter 
protection. 
For comb honey, hives permitting the 
insertion in the brood apartment of any 
number of frames up to eight, or fre- 
quently up to ten, are most in use. In 
securing extracted honey, those with ten 
to 12 frames in each story are preferable, 
and as many stories, one above the other, 
are employed as the strength of the col- 
ony and a given harvest may require. A 
construction, therefore, which readily ad- 
