SYNOPSIS OF XATUEAL ORDERS xxxi 



99. TJImacece^ p. 593. L. disticlious, undivided, stipulate. Perianth 4-9-lobed or of 

 4-5 sepals, stamens opposite to iDeriantli-segments, rarely twice tlieir number. Ovary 

 of 2 carpels, usually 1-celled, ovule 1, pendulous. 



100. MoracecE^ p. 597. L. usually alternate, stipules large, often amplexicaul. Fl. 

 unisexual, crowded on receptacles, wliicli are globose, cylindric or liollow. ? periantli 

 <of 4 sepals or segments, often fleshy in fr. Ovary 1-celled, ovule 1, usually pendulous. 



101. Urticacece, p. 616. L. alternate, stipulate, as a rule dentate, basal n. 3. FL 

 unisexual, sessile, usually in compact heads or clusters, stamens 4 or 5, opposite to 

 perianth-segments, filaments inflexed in bud. Ovule erect, orthotropous. 



102. FlatanacecBj p. 619. L. alternate, palminerved, lobed, stipules large. Fl. 

 monoecious, in unisexual globose heads on long axillary peduncles, sepals and petals 

 minute, anthers linear, almost sessile, ovaries hairy at base, as many as sepals. In 

 Engler u. Prantl, Natllrl. Pflanzenfam. III. 2«. 137, placed near Hamamelidacem and 

 MosacecB. 



103. JiiglandacecB^ p. 619. L. alternate, pinnate, stip. 0. Fl. monoecious, 6 in lateral 

 pendulous catkins. 9 in few- or many-fid. spikes, perianth adnate to the 1-celled 

 ovary, ovule 1, erect. Cotyledons oily, endospierm 0. 



104. Myricacece, p. 620. Aromatic, 1. alternate, coriaceous, stipules 0. Fl. unisexual, 

 in catkins, stamens 3-6 in the axils of broad bracts. Fr. fleshy, endocarp bony, 

 seed 1, endosperm 0. 



105 Casuarinacem^ p. 620, Branchlets slender, deciduous, ribbed, jointed, mem- 

 branous dentate sheaths at the joints, the teeth alternating with the ribs of the next 

 joint above. FL unisexual, S monandrous, ? in small ovoid spikes at the ends of 

 lateral branchlets. Fr. a woody globose cone. 



106. Betidacece^ p. 621. L. alternate, u.ndivided, as a rule serrate, stipules deciduous. 

 FL early in spring, ^ in drooping catkins, anther-cells as a rule distinct, ? in spikes, 

 ovary 2-celled, 1 pendulous ovule in each ceil, styles 2, long, filiform, perianth or 

 adnate to ovary. 



107. Fagacem^ p. 624. IJ. alternate, simple, penninerved, stip. deciduous, FL 

 monoecious, 6 in drooping catkins or in erect spikes, anther-cells not distinct. $ in 

 spikes, each fl, or group of fl. enclosed in an involucre of numerous bracts, coalescing 

 in fr., perianth adnate to ovary. Ovary 2-6-celled, 2 pendulous ovules in each cell. 



108. Salicacece, p. 686. L. deciduous, alternate, simple, stipulate. FL dioecious, in 

 catkins similar in both sexes, 1 fl. in the axil of each bract, a disk at the base of 

 stamens and ovary, perianth 0. Ovary 1-celled, ovules oo on 2-4 parietal placentas. 

 Seeds od, minute, enclosed by long silky, deciduous hairs. 



Second Sub-Glass. MONOCOTYLEDONS. 



Fibro- vascular bundles scattered in the cellular tissue of the stem, closely 

 packed near the circumference and more sparse near the centre. Pithy wood 

 and bark not distinct, no continuous cambium layer and no regular increase 

 in thickness by the formation of concentric layers of new wood and bark. 

 {Draccena and Cordyllne abnormaL) Leaves on sheaths or broad-based 

 petioles, the blade usually with longitudinal nerves and undivided transverse 

 veins. Perianth, when present, stamens and usually carpels, in threes or 

 multiples of 3. Embryo small, usually in copious endosperm, cotyledon one^ 

 remaining enclosed in the germinating seed, 



109. LiliacecE, p. 640. Perianth in 2 series, imbricate in bud, stamens mostly 6. 

 Ovary 3-celled, style 1, ovules attached to the inner angle of cells. 



110. Pahnce, p. 642. Stem solid, usually unbranched, in most genera with a terminal 

 crown of pinnately or palmately divided L, petiole broad-based, pinnse or segments 

 usually folded longitudinally. Inflorescence with large sheathing bracts, fl. unisexual 

 or polygamous, calyx and corolla of 3 segments each. Carpels 3, usually united in a 

 3-celled ovary. Endosperm horny or oily. 



111. Fandanacem, p. 658. Stem solid, dividing into dichotomous branches, each 

 branch with a tuft of linear sheathing 1. in tristiohous spirals, edges and midrib 

 usually spinous. Inflorescence clothed with leafy spathes, fl. dioecious, small, crowded, 

 perianth 0. Fr. a syncarpium of numerous more or less obconical fruits, endosperm 

 oily. 



112. GraminecB (Bamhusete)^ p. 660. Stems above ground hollow, jointed, branches 

 usually fascicled at the nodes. L. linear or oblong, on long split sheaths. FL usually 

 bisexual, in distichous spikelets, each fl. in the axil of a bract (glume) with an inner 

 usually 2-nerved bract (palea). Stamens 3 or 6, in a few species co, usually supported 

 by thin scales (lodicules). Seed 1, embryo with a large fleshy scutellum, and in most 

 genera with a farinaceous endosperm. 



