28 VI. BERBEEIDACEiE [Berbens 



1. HOLBCELLIA, Wall. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 108. 

 Species two, 1 Chinese. 



1. H. latifolia, Wall. ; Brandis, F. M. 13. Vern. Gophla, N.W. 



A large climberj tlie ends of branches often transformed into tendrils. 

 Outer bark corky, deeply cleft vertically. Wedges of wood with large 

 vessels, separated by very broad medullary rays, no rings of bast in the 

 wood. Leaves 3-9-foliolate, leaflets acuminate, ovate-lanceolate, blade 3-6, 

 petiole I in. El. monoecious, purplish-green, sweet-scented. Sepals 6, petals 6, 

 minute, stamens 6, ovaries 3. Fruit consisting of 2-3 fleshy edible oblong 

 carpels, 2-4- in. long, seeds numerous, in several vertical rows, immersed in 

 pulp. 



Himalaya 4,000-9,000 ft., from Kaslimir eastwards. As&am, Kliasi liillb, Manipur. 

 Fl. Api-il, May. 



Parvatia BrunoniaiLa, Decaisne; Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 108, Assam, Kliasi liills, Taepo 

 mountain, S.E. of Toungoo, 5,000 ft. A large climbing shrub with trifoliolate leaves. 

 Fl. monoecious, greenisli yellow, in axillary fascicled racemes. Bipe carpels 1-1;^ in. 

 Icng, ovoid, many-seeded. 



Becaisnea msignis, Hook, fih & Thorns , Fl, Brit. Ind. i. 107, in humid forests of the inner 

 valleys of Sikkim and Bhutan (7,000-9,000 ft.) lb a small tree 10 ft. high, stem sim])le 

 or with a few blanches, each bearing a tuft of large imparipinnate leaves, 2-8 ft. 

 long, leaflets opjo&ite, glaucous beneath, common petiole conhtncted above insei^tion of 

 leaflets. Fl. green, monoecious, in long racemes. ' Sei)als 6, acuminate, in 2 rows, petals 

 0, stamens 6, monadelplious, ovaries 8, with many 2-seriate ovules. Fruit consisting 

 of three yellow, fleshy, edible, spreading follicles, seeds many. Wood normal, medullary 

 rays narrow, pith large. 



2. BERBERIS, Linn. ; FL Brit. Ind. i. 108. 



Spiny shrubs with yellow wood. Leaves spinous-toothed, simple or 

 iniparipinnate. EL yellow, sepals 6, imbricate in two series, with a few ap- 

 pressed bracts, petals 6, imbricate, stamens 6, anther cells opening by recurved 

 valves. Ovary 1, stigma peltate, sessile or on a short style, ovules usually 

 few, basal. Fr. a berry. Upwards of 100 species, many variable, closely 

 allied, and difficult to keep apart. Temperate and subtropical regions of the 

 northern hemisphere and temperate South America, 



Section L — Makonia. Leaves impaiipinnate, leaflets opposite. 



1. B. nepalensis, Spreng. — Syn. B. LeschenaultH^ Wall. ; Wight Ic. 

 t. 940. Yern, KandlUj Sharor, Chamba; KJwrUj Jauns, 3faranfhUj Trav. 



An evergreen shrub. Leaflets (3-12 paix^, ovate-lanceolate, 1-5 in. long, the 

 lowest pair often near the base, much smaller and nearly orbicular, common 

 petiole articulate at the insertion of leaflets, frequently two small subulate 

 stipules on it$ broad, neaiiy sheathing base. Upper leaves often reduced to 

 sheathing bracts. Hacemes long, compact, several at the ends of branches. 

 Berry blue-glaucous, ovoid (globose on the Nilgiris). 



Outer Himalaya, 6,000-8,000 ft., from the Ravi eastwards, Khasi hills, Manipur. 

 Burma hills, Nilgiris, FL October-Apxil. 



Section IL — Berhcris proper. Branches ribbed ; leaves simple, gradually 

 narrowed into a short petiole, those on elongated shoots generally reduced to 

 simple cr 8-7 forked spines, in the axils of which are arrested branchlets, 

 bearing tufts of leaves. The shoots with elongated internodes generally grow 

 from the terminal bud of a short arrested branch. 



A. FL in racemes, corymbs or umbels. 



2. B. vulgaris, Linn. ; Hooker's Stud. FL 3rd ed, 15.— Barberry. Vern. 

 Chochar, ChamcMir^ Hattu. 



