124 XXVI. SIMAEUBACE^ \Samadera 



Oedbb XXVI. SIMARUBACEiE. Gen. PI. i. 806. 



(In Eagler u. Pranti iii. 4. 355 Balanites is placed under Zygojphyllacece). 



Slirii"bs or trees witli bitter bark, 1. alternate, simple or componnd, not 

 gland-dotted, stipules none, sometimes stipular prickles, hairs almost always 

 1-celled. EL regular, often unisexual, sepals 3-5, usually connate, petals 

 3-5, mostly imbricate in bud. Stamens as many as petals, or double tbe 

 number, inserted outside the disk, which is annular, cupular, sometimes 

 elongate into a gynophore, filaments free. Ovary of 1-5 usually more or 

 less distinct carpels, generally 1 ovule in each. Pr. carpels 1-seeded. 



A. L. simple, entire. 



L. 7-10 in. long, elliptic-oblong coriaceous, sliining 1. SAMADLitiV. 



L. 1 in. long, linear spathiilate, silky velvety . . Suriaina (p. 124). 



B. L, 2-foliate, fl. 2-sexual5 S-merous, stamens 10 . . 2. Balaniies. 



C. L. imparipinnate or 3-foliolate. 



Fl. bisexual, 4:-6~merouSj stamens 8-12 ... .3. Harrisonia. 



FL polygamous, fr. winged 4. Ailanihus. 



Fl. polygamous or unisexual, fr. not winged. 

 Leaflets 15-20 pair, coriaceous, il. 5-merous, stamens 5 Eriti coma (p. 127). 

 Leaflets 1-6 pair, fl. 4-5-merous, stamens 4-5, drupes 2-4. 

 Drupes supported by persistent calyx and petals . 5. Pici^asma. 

 Calyx and petals deciduous 6. Brucea. 



1. SAMADERA, Gaertn. : M. Brit. Ind. i. 518. 



Species 7, from Madagascar to Polynesia. 



S. indica, Gaertn. ; Wight 111. t. 68. Vern. Karinghota^ Mai. ; Kath<}^ Burm. 



A small glabrous tree, wood soft, bark transversely cracked. L. simple, 

 coriaceous, shining, elliptic-oblong, quite entire, 7-10 in. long. EL bisexual, 

 4-merous, pinkish-yellow, in pedunculate umbels, petals oblong, |-1 in. long, 

 stamens 8, filaments with a small hairy scale at base, ovary on a gynophore, 

 deeply 44obed. Fruit of one carpel, thickly coriaceous, shining, compressed, 

 keeled, 2 by 1.^ in. 



South Konkan and Malabar on banks of streams, Mergui. PI. March.— Ceylon, Indian 

 Archipelago. Bark (niepa) used as a febrifuge. Oil made of the seedb. aS'. lucida^ 

 Wall. Ph As. Ear. 1. 168*, Tenasserim, Andaman islands, umbels on short peduncles, 

 fr. smaller strongly reticulate, probably is only a variety. 



Suriana maritima, Linn., is a small shrub common on the sea coaht throughout the 

 tropics. On the Andamans, may be found on the coast of Burma, rare in Ceylon. 

 Leaves simple entire, linear-spathulate, 1 in. long, silky velvety. PI. yellow on short 

 axillary racemes, petals J in. long. 



2. BALANITES, Delile ; M. Brit. Ind. i. 522. 



Shrubs or small trees, usually armed with axillary or supra-axillary spines, 

 leaves 2-foliate, leaflets entire. M. bisexual, 5-merous, stameas 10, in- 

 serted at the base of the fleshy cup-shaped 10-furrowed disk. Ovary pilose, 

 5-celled, 1 ovule in each cell. Pr. a drupe, endocarp bony or crustaceous, seed 1. 

 Cotyledons thick, plane-convex, albumen 0. Species 2 or 3, in the dry regions 

 of North Africa, Abyssinia, Arabia and Syria. 



B, Roxburghii, Planchon; Brandis, P* M, 59.— Syn. B. a>yypUaca^ 



"Wight, Ic. t. 274. Vern. HingUy Hlngan^ Eingdta^ Hind.; Thii-palice^ Burm. 



A scraggy shrub, in favourable situations a small tree 30 ft. high, wood 



