130 XXYIII. BUESEEACEiE [BosicelUa 



A deciduous, middle-sized tree with a spreading flat crown. Bark nearly 

 I in. thick, greenish ash-coloured, peeling off in thin smooth flakes. Young 

 shoots and leaves pubescent, with simple hairs. L. imparipinnate, crowded 

 at the ends cf branches, leaflets 8-15 pair, opposite or nearly opposite, 

 sessile, lanceolate, more or less deeply crenate, apex generally obtuse. El. bi- 

 sexual, calyx small 5-7-cleft, petals 5-7. Stamens 10-12, inserted at the base 

 of the red annular, fleshy disk. Ovary 3-celled, half immersed in the disk, 2 

 collateral ovules in each cell. Er. 3-valved, the valves separating from the 

 dissepiments, which remam attached to the axis. Seeds 3, enclosed in heart- 

 shaped stones attached to the inner angle. Cotyledons trifid, lobes laciniate, 

 radicle superior. 



Subhmialayan tract, from the Sutlej eastwards and throughout the drier parts o± the 

 AVestern Peninsula to Avithin 10-20 miles of the Western Ghats Always in decidnons 

 forests, and often gregarious, forming open forests, associated with Sterculia urens. 

 The leaves fall about March and April, the fresh foliage comes out in June. I^l. 

 when the tree is leafless, sometimes before the old leaves fall or after the fresh leave=i 

 have appeared. Coppices well and grows readily from cuttings. 



2. CANARIUM, Linn. ; El. Brit. Ind. i. 531. 



Evergreen, balsamiferous trees. L. imparipinnate, sometimes stipulate, 

 leaflets coriaceous. Fl. polygamous, the male in long, the female (with rudi- 

 mentary stamens) in short panicles, usually trimerous, calyx cup-shaped or 

 campanulate. Stamens 6, filaments connate into a tube, or free and inserted 

 on the edge of or outside an annular disk, ovary 2-3-celled, ovules 2 in each 

 cell. Drupe more or less distinctly trigonous, stone 1-3-celled, cotyledons con- 

 tortui)licate. Species 30-50, tropics of the Old World. 



A. Mlaments connate into a tube. 



1. C, strictum, Roxb. ; Eedd. M. Sylv. t. 128 ; King in Journ. As. Soc. 

 Beng. vol. 62 (1893), t. 11. Black clammer tree. Vern. Manda dliup^ Rdl 

 dJivpj Kan. ; Ktmdrl Kam, Tam. ; TJielli^ Mai. 



A very large tree, the young foliage brilliant crimson, branchlets, petiole, 

 midrib and nerves beneath densely clothed with soft reddish-brown tomentum, 

 leaflets 3-4 pair, serrate or crenulate while young, 3-6 in. long, sec. 

 n. prominent beneath. J • ^1- 3 i^- long, in a narrow racemiform panicle 

 6-9 in. long, calyx tubular with 3 shallow broad teeth, petals coriaceous, 

 oblong, rudimentary ovary depressed, lobed, hispid. ? : Tl. J> in. long, in short 

 few-fld. racemes. Drupe 1\ in. long. 



Evergreen forests along the Western Ghats to 4,500 ft , from the Koiikan southwards. 

 FL H. S. Fr. C. 8. A black dammar exudes from incisions in the trunk, and is 

 an article of local trade. 2. C. bengalense, Boxb. ; King I.e. t. 10. Assam and 

 Silhet, (Yern. Nereli, Sibsagar). A tall glabrons tree, leaflets 5-10 pair, entire, 3-7 in. 

 long, calyx campanulate, 8 breed shallow teeth, drupe 1^ in. A clear amber-like 

 resin exudes from wounds in the bark. 3. C. eupliyUum, Kurz. North Arakan and 

 South Andaman, branchlets very stout, youngest shoots puberulons. L. glabrous 

 when full grown, 2-3 ft. long, leaflets with an nnequal-sided base, rounded or sub- 

 cordate, calyx cut half-way down into 3 broad teeth, drupe ovoid, not trlgonons, 

 1 j in. long, 



4. C, sikkimense, King, I.e. t 12. Yern. Gocjid dJiup, Nepal. 



A very tall tree, wood white, open grained, soft, light, branchlets, petioles and 

 under side of leaves rusty-tomentose. Leaflets 5 pair, broadly ovate or elliptic, 

 minutely crenate-serrate, upper surface glabrous, shining. Calyx campanulate, 

 cut to ^ its length into B broad obtuse teeth. Drupe narrowly cylindric or 

 obovoid, If in, long. 



Sikkim, outer vallevs to 8,000 ft. Besin used as incense. 5. C, resinifenim, Brace, 

 Assam and Khasi hills, King I.e. t. 13 {Dhuna or Dhua, Assam), leaflets almost 

 glabrous, resin used to make torches. 



