214 XLIV. CONFAEACE^ [Ellijjanfhus 



f. Tena&serim. Impei-fectly known. Branclilets and petioles sliglitly puberuloub, 

 petioles 4 in. long. 5. E. sterculisefolius, Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 59 (1890) tab. 8 

 A smalf tree on Diamond island. L. membranous, pale beneatli, ovate^ acuminate, 

 blade 3-4, petiole slender, 2-3 in. long, capsule glabron=^, ribbed, long-acuminate, 1 in , 

 stalk J in. long. 



Oedbr XLV. LEGUMINOS^. Gen. PI. i. 434. 



Leaves generally alternate, compound and stipulate. Elowers as a rule 

 bisexualj in panicles, racemes, spikes or lieads. Calyx more or less deeply 

 divided into 5 segments. Petals 5, rarely less, in the majority of genera 

 unec[ual and zygomoi^pMc. Stamens 10, rarely less by abortion, or numerous ; 

 antbers 2-celled, cells |)arallel. Pistil generally consisting of 1 carpel, ovules 

 numerous, rarely few, attached to the inner suture. Pod generally dry, inde- 

 hiscent, or separating into two valves along one or both sutures. 



As far as is known, the wood fibres of Lerjuminosce always have simple, not 

 bordered J3its. Bands of wood parenchyma, more or lesb concentric, often interrupted. 

 are a common feature in this oider. 



Calyx gamosepalous 5 petals free, unequal, imbricate, the 



posterior outside ; stamens generally diadelphous . . 1. Papiltonacex, 



Calyx divided nearly to the base ; petals free, mostly unequal, 



imbricate, the posterior inside *, stamens free . . .2. Cj::salpinie.i:. 



Calyx gamosepalou& ; petals more or less connate, equal, 



valvate *, stamens free or monadelx^houb . . . .3. Mimosilf. 



First Sub-obber, PAPILIONACE^. 



Calyx gamosepalous, often 2-lipped, the upper (posterior) lip consisting of 2, 

 the lower (anterior) of 3 segments. Petals 5, clawed, unequal, imbricate in 

 bud, the posterior and outside petal (standard, vexillum) broad, often reflexed, 

 the 2 anterior and inside petals (keel, caiina) often firmly cohering, the 2 

 lateral and intermediate petals (wings) enclosing the keel. (The standard 

 is sometimes called the upper petal ; as regards its insertion, however, it is 

 the lowest of the 5 petals.) Stamens 10 as a rule, inserted with the petals on 

 the edge of a disk, which lines the lower part of the calyx-tube, filaments 

 seldom free, generally connate into a tube or sheath, open at the top, some- 

 times also open below, so as to form two half-sheaths of 5 stamens each, 

 the tenth stamen opposite the standard being often fi-ee from the rest. 

 Seeds with a coriaceous testa, without albumen, cotyledons thick, plano- 

 convex, the radicle accumbent upon the cotyledons, reserve substances 

 starch or fat oil. 



Papilionaceous ti-ees show great variety in the sti-ucture of their wood- Distinct 

 lieartwood, generally hard and dark coloured, occurs among ofheTBiix MlUettia pend ula, 

 Oufjeinia, Fterocarpus, and most Dalhergica, such ab D. ^Suf^oo. Jafifolia, cultrata, Kurzii^ 

 Oliveri, There is no heartwood in Besbaiiiu^ JEh^ytlirina^ Butea frondosa, Dalhergia 

 lanceolaria and Pongamia glabra. Extremely soft and light is the pith-like wood of 

 JEschgTiomene^ which mainly consists of thin- walled wood j)arenchyma. 



Of climbers MiUettia auriculata^ Derris scandens, SjMthoJohis Eoxhurghii^ and some 

 species of Mucima have the usual anomalous structure, concentric strata of bast 

 (j)lilofem) alternating with broader strata of wood, which is light, soft and porous, 

 because it mainly consists of very wide vessels. The stems of these climbers being 

 often fiat, fluted or otherwise iri-egular, the alternating strata of bast and wood 

 frequently do not form complete rings. Dalhergia patiiculataj though a tree, has 

 structure resembling tliat of climbing stems, viz., bands of bast (pihlogm) alternating 

 with broader strata of wood. On the other hand, some climbing Fajnlionacem, among 

 them the climbing DaJhergias, have stems of normal structure. 



