r^ 



240 



XLV. LEeUMINOS^ 



., [Pterocarpiis 



mucronate, silky- pubescent beneathj as well as petiolnle. Fl. yellow, in simple 

 tawny-pubescent axillary racemes. Pod 2^-3 in. diam., velvety-pubescent. 



Deciduous, evergreen and Eng forests of Upper Burma, Pegu and Tenasserim. East 

 of the Sitang river, frequently associated with Teak (Brandis, Report on the Attaran 

 Forests, 1860, par. 11). Fl. April, May. Species 1-3 are closely allied, and are probably 

 only local forms. ^ 



4. P. santalinus, Linn. fil. ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 22. The red Sanders 



tree. Vern. Lai 

 Chandan. 



A small tree, at- 

 taining 25 ft., with 

 extremely hard, 

 dark-purple heart- 

 wood. Leaflets 3, 

 rarely 4 or 5, broad- 

 elliptic, obtuse, li- 

 3 in. long, under side 

 pale and clothed with 

 fine adpressed hairs. 

 Fl. few, in short 

 axillary or terminal 

 racemes. Pod IMn. 

 diam., oblique, grad- 

 ually narrowed into 

 a short stalk. 



Dry hills of the 

 Eastern Deccan, from 

 the Godavery to the 

 Palar river. Fl. July. 



5. P. Marsu- 

 pium, Roxb. Cor. 

 PL t. 116 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 21. Vern. Bija Sal, Hind. ; Hid, Kol ; Bio, 

 Grujer. ; Blbla, Mar. ; Honyie, Kan. ; Pedegu, Tel. ; Vengai, Tam. 



A large deciduous tree, heart wood brown, with darker streaks. Leaves with 

 soft adpressed hairs while young, dark green, shining. Leaflets 5-7, cori- 

 aceous, elliptic, obtuse, emarginate, sometimes shortly acuminate, glabrous when 

 full grown. Secondary nerves 15-20 pair, with intermediate ones joined by 

 prominent reticulate veins. Fl. yellow or white, pedicels much shorter than 

 calyx, in terminal panicles. Calyx, peduncles, and pedicels clothed with dark 

 brown hairs. Stamens monadelphous, the sheath deeply 2-fid. Pod nearly 

 orbicular, 1^-2 in. across, often 2-seeded. 



Extreme south-east corner of Kumaon. Oudh forests. Gorakhpur. Central and 

 South India, Mount Aboo the northernmost point on the west side. Fl. July-Oct., 

 sometimes earlier or later. Ceylon. In the hark of this and other species of this genus 

 are sacs, filled with a red astringent oily gum, which is obtained by incisions in the 

 bark and sold as East Indian Kino. Varies in the shape of leaflets. Prain, in Appen- 

 dix to Ind. For. xxvi. 14, distinguishes two varieties : a, with elliptic obtuse slightly 

 notched leaflets in the W. Peninsula and Ceylon; /3, with acuminate 1. in Central and 

 Northern India, sometimes on the west coast of the Peninsula. 



20. DERRIS, Lour.; Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 240. {Degiielia, Taubert 

 in Engler und Prantl, iii. 3, 345.) 



Mostly climbers, leaves imparipinnate, leaflets opposite, without, rarely with 

 minute stipels. Fl. white or purple, fasciculate on tumid nodes, which often 

 are lengthened so as to form small racemes or corymbs arranged in racemi- 

 form panicles. Calyx truncate, or teeth minute. Standard generally glab- 

 rous, vexillary stamen in some instances free, filament as a rule adnate to 

 the sheath in the middle. Pod indehiscent, narrowly winged on the upper 



Fig. 106. — Pterocarpus santalinus, Linn. f. \. 



