294 XLYI. E08ACE.E {Cmtmjus 



15. CRAT^GUS, LiiiD. ; Tl. Brit. Ind. il 388. 



Shrubs or small trees, often spiny, leaves entire, lobed or pinnatificl, stipules 

 deciduous. Fl. pentamerouSj white or red, in terminal corymbose cymes, bracts 

 caducous. Stamens oc . Ovary either enclosed within and adnate to calyx- 

 tube, cells 1-5, 2 ovules in each, styles free; or carpels distinct, the back adnate 

 to calyx-tube, styles central or basal. Fi\ dry or fleshy, enclosing one bony 

 1-5-celled stone, or 5 bony 1- rarely 2-seeded stones, the apex of the stones 

 being free. 



A. Leaves entire. 



1. C. crenulata, Roxb. — Syn. C. Pijracanfha, Brandis F. Fl. 208. Vern. 

 fringdruy N. W. Himal. 



A large stiff-branched shrub or small tree, evergreen, branchlets spinescent, 

 scattered hairs on youngest shoots and peduncles, otherwise glabrous. L. 

 shining, coriaceous, crowded on short lateral branchlets, linear-oblong, 1-2 in. 

 long, obtuse, narrowed into a shoi^t marginate petiole, crenate. Fl. white, 

 carpels 5 free, back adnate to calyx-tube, fr. less than f in. diam., orange or 

 vermilion. 



Hiinalaya, Siitlej to Nepal, 5--8,000 ft., Blnitaii. FL Apr.-May, fi. Aug.-Sept. C. 

 Pi/raccadha, Persoon, of "Western Asia find Smith Euroioe is supposed to differ by acute 

 leaves, laiiiei flowers and fruit. 



B, Leaves lobed or pinnatifld. 



2. C. Oxyacantha, Linn. ; Brandib F. FL 207. Haitihorn, Vern. 

 (rhnnzaj Baluchistan ; Ban i^i^jU^ Haz. ; Pln^jyaf, phinddl^ Punjab 

 Himalaya. 



A small tree, branchlets spinescent, young shoots with long soft scattered 

 hairs. Leaves from a cuneatebase pinnatifld, segments 2-3 pair, oblong, lobed 

 or dentate, stipules large, leafly, falcate or semicordate. FL white or pink, 

 carpels 2-3, or 1 {C. monogyna^ Jacq.), entirely adnate to calyx-tube. Fr. red 

 (sometimes yellow), enclosing 1 or 2 (sometimes 3) hard 1-seeded nuts. 



Baluchistan. Kuram vallej^ N-W. Himalaya, Indus to Eavi, 5-9,000 ft. FL Apr.- 

 Jiily. Fr. Sept.-Oct. Afghanistan, Western Asia, Siberia and Europe. 3. C. Clarkei» 

 Hook, f . Ivashmir, 7-8,000 ft. A small tree, branchlets leaves and uiflorescence softly 

 tomentose, 1 . ovate, deeply pinnatifld. Fr. 5-seeded, with 5 obtuse ridges. 4. C. Wattiana, 

 Henisley & Lace, Journ.'Limi. Soc. vol. xxviii. (1891) 323, tab. 40, Zarghan range neai 

 Quetta, 7,000 ft., a small unarmed glabrous tree, 1. ovate with 7-9 acute dentate lobes, 

 blade 2-8, the slender petiole |-1 in. long, stipules broad, oblique, \ in. long, deciduous. 

 FL white, ovary 5-celled, fr. with 5 obtuse ribs. 



16. COTONEASTER, Linn. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. in 384 



Shrubs or small trees, unarmed , 1. coriaceous, generally entire, often hairy^ 

 stipules deciduous. M. small, white or pink, solitary or in corymbose cymes. 

 Calyx-segments 5, short, persistent, petals 5, ovaries 2-5, adnate by their 

 backs to calyx-tube, 2 ovules in each, Fr. small, with 2-5 bony 1-seeded 

 stones. Species 15-20, of the northern hemisphez-e. 



A. Leaves deciduous, cymes with numerous flowers, 



1. C. bacillaris, Wall; Brandis P. FL 208; Collett Simla Flora fig, 48. 

 Vern. TMni^ Haz. ; /i¥^', Reosh^ Reni^^ Punjab Himal. ; Benany^ Kunawar ; 

 RimJi^ Riii')isliy Jaunsar. 



A large shrub or small tree attaining 9 ft. girth, wood white, strong, elastic, 

 used for spear-shafts and walking-sticks. L. ovate- or obovate-oblong, 

 obtuse, 1-3 in. long, soft-pubescent or tomentose beneath, stipules subulate, 

 caducous. Fl. white, J in. across, in pedunculate spreading compound many- 



