Thiuibcrgia] LXXXI. AOANTHAOE^ 497 



III. Calyx of 5 lobes or sepals, ovules two in eaQli cell. 

 One anther-cell higher than the other. 

 Anther-cells spurred, bracts linear, short . . Justicia (p. 498). 

 Anther-cells acnte, bracts ovate, large . . AniiATonA (p. 498). 

 Both anther-cells on the same level. 

 Stamens 2, corolla-tube long linear . . .4. Dxdal acanthus. 

 Stamens 4, corolla-tube ventricose . . . Petalidium (p. 499). 

 Stamens usually 4, corolla tubular-ventricose, 

 calyx persistent. ...... 5. Stbobilanthes. 



ly. Calyx of 5 lobes, ovules 3 or more in each cell. 

 Bracts small, often caducous, stamens 2. 

 Corolla 2-lipped, lobes spreading . . . .6. Phlogacanthus. 



Corolla-lobes equal, erect Cy&tacanthtjs (p. 501). 



Bracts as long as or longer than calyx, stamens 4. 

 Bracts linear, branchlets densely -vvooUy . . jEchm anther a (p. 501). 

 Bracts lanceolate, imbricating, branchlets and 

 1. rough Hemioraphis (p. 501). 



1. THUNBERGIA, Linn. f. ; M. Brit. Ind. iv. B90. 



Herbaceous or shrubby climbers, £. (of the sp. mentioned) in bracteate 

 racemesj each fl. enclosed in bud by two large bracteoles, more or less cohering 

 at the margin. Calyx an entire or indistinctly crenulated ring. Corolla 

 conspicnouSj tube ventricose, curved, limb oblique, lobes rounded. Stamens 4, 

 disk annular or cushion-shaped, ovules 2 in each cell. Capsule globose, 

 narrowed suddenly into a fiat beak. Species 70-80, Africa to Australia. 



A. Corolla blue. 



1. T. grandiflora, Eoxb.; "Wight Ic. t. 872, Sikkim Terai and outer valleys. Assam, 

 Khasi hills, Manipur, Cachar, China. L. ovate, base cordate, often angularly lobed, 

 basal nerves 5-7, blade 4-7, pet. 1-6 in. Racemes short, bracteoles 1 in., falcate- 

 elliptic. 2, T. laurifolia, Lindl. Burma, Upper and Lower, Andamans. — Malay Penin- 

 sula. L. from an acute or rounded base ovate-lanceolate, dentate, basal nerves usually 3. 



3. T. Wightiana, T. And. (Schmidia hicoJor^ Wight Ic. t. 1848), Nilgiris, L ovate, 

 acuminate, toothed, racemes pendulous 6-12 in. long, bracteoles conspicuous, purple 

 and cream-coloured, orbicular, 1 in. diam,, with 7 longitudinal nerves. 



B. Corolla red or yellow. 



4. T. coccinea. Wall. Outer Himalaya 2-7,000 ft., from Kumaon eastwards. Khasi 

 hills, Tenasserim, 1. ovate, acuminate, toothed, racemes lax, pendulous, 6-18 in. long, 

 bracteoles broadly ovate, purple or dark orange. 5. T. mysorensis, T. And. (Hexacentris 

 my^oreyisiSj Wight Ic. t. 871). Nilgiris, Mysore. L. lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 

 toothed, strongly veined, racemes elongate pendulous, bi-acteoles falcate-elliptic, 1 in. 

 long, corolla yellow. 



2. ACANTHUS, Linn. ; FL Brit. fnd. iv. 480. 



Herbs or shrubs, sometimes twining, 1. often spinescent. Sepals 4, the 

 outer pair larger, corolla-tube short, horny, limb expanded into a large entire 

 or 3-lobed lip, the upper lip wanting. Stamens 4, anthers 1-celled adnate, 

 bearded and fringed, ovules 2 in eack cell. Capsule compressed shining, 4- 

 seeded. Species 20, warm and tot regions of tbe Old World and Australia, 

 some species littoral, others inhabiting dry and arid regions. As usual, the 

 littoral species have the structure of xerophilous plants. 



A. Ax'med erect shrubs. 



1. A. ilicifoUus, Linn. (JDlUvaria ilicifoUa^ Nees ; Wight Ic. t. 459). Vern. Moranna, 

 Mend! I, Mar. 5 Hargoza^ Kenthi^ Beng. ] Khaya^ Burm. Tidal forests of the Peninsula, 

 Bengal and Burma, often forming the underwood under mangrove trees. Malay 

 Penins. and Archip. extending to Australia. An evergreen spinescent shrub, according 

 to Schimper (Indo-Mal. Strandflora B5), often standing on stilts like Bhizophora. L. 

 glossy, rigidly coriaceous, lobed or toothed, the lobes or teeth terminating in sharp 

 prickles, blade 4-8 in., petiole short or none. Fl. supported by two pairs of bracteoles 

 |-J in. long, in terminal, sometimes axillary, bracteate spikes 1-12 in. long, corolla 

 IJ in. long, bright blue, capsule shining, blunt, ^-1 in. long. 2, A. e1>racteatus, Yahl. 



