498 LXXXI. ACANTHACEiE [AcmUJms 



Sunclriban. Andamans. Tenasseriiii. Malay Peniiis. and Arcliii3. L. oblong, lobes 

 triangular. Bracts caducous, bracteoles minutej corolla -vvliite, J in. long. 



B. Unarmed climber. 



3. A. volu"bilis, Wall. PL As. Rar. t. 172. Sundriban. Coasts of Burma and the 

 Malay Peninsula. L. elliptic-obovate, narrowed into pet. J in. long, spikes terminal, 

 bracteoles 0, corolla wliite, 1 in. long. 



3. BARLERIA, Linn. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 482. 



Herbs or undershrubs, a few shrubs. Fl. large, sessile, mostly in dense 

 spikes. Sepals 4, in 2 opposite pairs, those of the on.ter pair large, conspiciions. 

 One of the large sepals consists of 2, connate nearly to the tip. Cox'olla-lobes 5, 

 nearly equal, tube elongate. Stamens 2, ovules 2 in each cell. Species over 

 100, tropics of the Old World, a few in America. Of the 22 species described 

 from British India the following only can be mentioned. 



A. Armed, capsule 2-seeded with a solid beak. 



1. B. Prionitis, Linn. Vern. Kanta-jati^ Beng. *, Mulhi(;imta, Tel.; Leit-thay-we^ 

 Burm. Tbronghout India and Burma, perhaps not indigenous in all districts. Ceylon. 

 Malay Penins. and Archip. Tropical Africa. Useful as a hedge plant. Neai^ly 

 glabrous, sharp trifid axillary spines, J-1 in. long Outer sepals ovate-lanceolate, 

 bracteoles linear. Corolla bright yellow, li~li in. long. Very variable. 



B, Unarmedj capsule usually 4-seeded. 



(a) Bracteoles linear, not conform to outer sepals. 



2. B. longiflora, Linn. f. Central Provinces. Coromandel coast. Beccan. Pubescent 

 all over, 1. ovate, f-lj in. PL wliite, solitary, or in few-fid. spikes, bracteoles linear, 

 J-l in. long, patent or recurved, outer sepals ovate, nervose, |-1 in., corolla-tube linear 

 2-4 in. long. 3. B. cristata, Linn. ; "Wiglit Ic. t. 453. Througbout India and Burma, 

 excepting the arid region. A diffuse, bairy underslirub, outer sej^als prominently 

 veined, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, often spinulous-tootbed. Corolla blue, purple or white. 



(6) Bracteoles lanceolate or elliptic, more or less similar to outer sepals. 



4. B. strigosa, Willd. Subliimalayan tract from the Jumna eastwards, ascending to 

 4,000 ft. Behar. Cliutia Nagpur." Western Peninsula. L. sti-igose with scattered 

 hairs, elliptic, acuminate, blade 4-8, decuiTent into pet. 1 in. long, spikes dense, many- 

 fid., outer sepals i in., corolla blue, 1^-2 in. long, 5. B. polytrichaj Wall. PI. As. 

 Ear. t, 82. Chittagong, Lower Burma. Similar to 4, branches and 1. h irsute, pet. short, 

 coi'olla 2 ill. long. 



Justicia Greudarussa, Linn, f . — Syn. Qendarussa vulgaris^ Nees ; Wight Ic. t. 468. 

 Y^TYi. Kala-adulsa, Bakas, Tao^ Mar. ^ Arluthoda gida^ Kan.; Bawanet^ Burm. Sikkim 

 Terai- Burma, in the rocky bed of hill streams. West side of the Peninsula (indi- 

 genous?). Grown in gardens and naturalized throughoiTt India. China, Formosa, 

 Philippines Nearly glabrous, 1. lanceolate, blade 4-5, narrowed into pet. J-J in. long, 

 cystolith cells minute, visible on upper side. Spikes 2-5 in. long, often panicled, 

 bracts linear, shorter than palyx, cor. J in., white, sparingly stained with purple, 

 capsule J in. long, 4--seeded. 



Adliatoda Vasica, Nees. (JusfieJa Adhatoda, Linn.) Vern. Bhekar, Pb. ; Bansa^ Bilsa, 

 Bashing^ Hind.; Aduha, VasnJca, Mar.; Addasara^n, TeL; Adhatodag, Tei.m. Kuram 

 valley. Punjab Salt range. Subhimalayan tract as far as Kumaon, on dry slopes, 

 ascending to 5,000 ft., common in Haizara. Plains of Northern India. Assam, Khasi 

 hills, Manipur. Behar. Western Peninsula. Upper Burma. Mergui. Ceylon. 

 Malay Penins. and Archip. China. Eoots large, going deep. One of the shrubs to be 

 employed in reclaiming waste lands. A large gregarious shrub, with a strong smell, 

 not browsed by cattle, nearly glabrous. L. ovate-lanceolate, entire, blade 5-8, pet. 

 J-l in. long, cystoliths in the tissue below the epidermis, not in the epidermis cells. PI. 

 white, with red spots and streaks, in pedunculate mostly axillary compact spikes, 

 bracts ovate, |-| in. long, bracteoles half as long, lanceolate, corolla 2-lipped, Capsule 

 I in. long, clavate, pubescent, 4-seeded. 



4. DiEDALACANTHUS, T. And. ; M. Brit. Ind. iv. 417. 

 (ErantJiemum, L., Lindan in Engler u, Prantl iv. 3. b. 311.) 



Perennial herbs or large herbaceous shrubs, I narrowed into petiole^ entire 

 or indistinctly dentate. FL in bracteate spikes, bracts large, imbricating, 

 bracteoles linear-lanceolate not longer than calyx. Corolla-tube longy linear, 



