ArceuthoUum] XOVI. LOEANTHAOEiE 558 



1. A. Oxycedri, M. Bieb. Laliaiil on tlie Upper Chenab 9-11,000 ft., on Juniperus 

 macropoda. Mountains of Western Asia and South Europe, on species of Juniper. Stems 

 2-5 in. long, dividing dicliotomously into numerous brandies and forming close tufts, 

 tlie lowest joints ^ in. long, sbeatlis truncate. Long spreading roots between bark and 

 wood of tlie foster tree, wbicli is often killed by the parasite. Fr. short stalked, ovoid, 

 yV in. long, seed cylindric, embedded in viscous pulp and thrown out with great force 

 when the fr. is ripe. 2. A. minutissimum, Hook, f . On Pinus excelsa. IN". W. Himalaya, 

 Xashmir to Nepal 8-11,000 ft. Stems J in. long, often much shorter, the fl. just 

 emerging from the bark, joint sheaths bidentate, usually imbricating, the joints being- 

 minute. 



Order XGVII. SANTALACEiE. Gen. PL iii. 217. 



TreeSj shrtihs or herbs, mostly parasitic on the roots, some genera on stems 

 $ind branches, of the foster plant. L. entire, alternate or opposite, stipules 0. 

 M. -asually bracteate and bracteolate, regular, 1- or 2-sexual. Perianth mostly 

 superior, 3-8-lobed, stamens inserted on the perianth and opposite the lobes. 

 Ovary 1-celled, ovules 2-3, rarely solitary. Embryo in a copious flesby 

 albumen. 



I. Perianth superior, tube adnate to the ovar^?-, not produced above it. 



A. Leaves opposite 1. Santalum. 



B. Leaves alternate. 



(«) Parasites on stems and branches, endocai-p 

 of drupe with hard or membranous 

 plates projecting into fissures of the 

 stellately lobed seed . . . .2. Henslowia. 



Q)) Independent trees and shrubs, or root parasites. 



Unarmed, branchlets sharply 3-sided, 1-2 

 in. long, $ in axillary pedunculate 

 clusters . Osyris (p. 554). 



Sometimes spinescent, deciduous, buds 

 covered with densely white silky 

 scales. $ fl. in tomentose panicles . Pyrularia (p. 554). 



A thorny tree, 1. coriaceous, S fl. in cat- 

 kin-like spikes ScLEROPYRUM (p. 554). 



C. Leafless parasitic shrubs 3. Phacellaria. 



II. Perianth inferior, 3-4-partite, ovary half immersed 



in the disk Ciiampeeeia (p. 555). 



1. SANTALUM, Linn. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 281. 



Species about 8, Indo-Malayan region, Australia, Pacific islands. 



S. album, Linn. ; Bedd. PL Sylv. t. 256.-— Syn. Sirium myrfifolium, Eoxb. 

 €or. PL t. 2. Sandahuood, Sans. Chandana, Vern. Chandan, Chandal, 

 Sandal, Hind. ; Sicket, Quz. ; Gandha, Qandada, Kan. ; Chandanam, Tel. ; 

 Bngandam, Tarn. ; Santagti^ Burm. 



A small, evergreen, glabrous tree, with slender drooping branchlets, sap- 

 wood wbite and scentless, beart-wood yellowisb-brown, strongly scented. 

 Medullary rays short, one or two cells wide, vessels 0*05 mm. diam., less than 

 the distance between medulL rays, solitary, rarely two together. The great 

 mass of the wood consists of wood-fibres, interrupted by narrow bands (1 cell 

 wide) of wood parenchyma, joining the med. rays in a slanting direction. ^ L. 

 opposite, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, blade 1|-2|, pet. J in. long. PL brownish- 

 purple, in axillary or terminal panicled cymes. Perianth campanulate, limb 

 of 4 valvate triangular segments. Stamens 4 exserted, alternating with 4 

 rounded obtuse scales, which may be regarded either as petals or as lobes of 

 the disk. Drupe globose, | in. diam., black, endocarp hard. 



Indio-enous in the Western Peninsula from Nasik and the Northern Circars south- 

 wards.^ Grown in gardens north as far as Saharanpur. PL Peh.-July. As far as 



