560 XCVIII. EUPHOEBIACE^ [Dapliniphylhim 



racemes, diceciouSj apetalous, sepals smallj 3-8, more or less connate. $ : 

 Stamens 5-18, anthers large, basifixed, often apiculate, pistillode 0. ? : Disk 

 or of 4-6 scales or glands, ovary imperfectly 2-celled, stigmas short, distinct, 

 thick, recurved, entire, ovnles 2 in each cell. Drupe oblong, usually 1-seeded. 

 Embryo small, in thick fleshy albumen. Species 12, chiefly Indo-Malayan, a 

 few in China and tropical Africa. 



1. D. glaucescens, Blume ; Bedel. Fl. Sylv. t. 288. — Syn. Gouijliia tieilgherreiisis, Wight 

 le. 1. 1878-9. Yern. Soluvan, Tarn. Common on the Nilgiris, Anamalais, Palnib, and on 

 the Travaiicore Ghats from 4,000 ft. upwards. — Ceylon, 4-7,000 ft., China, Corea, Java. 

 A large shrub or middle-sized tree, 1. elliptic, base acute, tip of ten obtuse, blade 3-5, pet. 

 2-2 in. Drupe black, ellipsoid } in., pedicel nearly as long. 2. D. liimalayense, Muell. 

 Arg. Vern. Bafe7idu, Jauns. Himalaya from the Jumna eastwards, 4-9,000 ft. Khasi 

 hills. Tenasserim, on Mooleyit 6,800 ft. (Beddome). A small tree, wood greyish - 

 brown, with streaks of bright crimson, 1. oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate, blade 4-10, 

 pet. 1-2 in. Er. ellipsoid ^-^ in. long. 



11. PUTRANJIVA, Wall.; M. Brit. Ind. v. 336. 

 Species 2, India and Ceylon. 



P. Roxburghii, Wall. ; Eoyle 111. t. 83 (bis) ; Wight Ic. t. 1876 ; Bedd. 

 M. Sylv. t. 275 ; Brandis F. Fl. t. 53. Vern. Jiaputa^ Putranjiva^ Hind. ; 

 Putrqjiva^ Kan. : Kudiuni^ Tel ; Karupalc^ Tarn. ,* Daickyat, Pegu ; Badibyit^ 

 Chind win. 



A middle-sized evei'green tree with hanging branches, foliage dark green, 

 branchlets and petioles minutely pu.bescent. Leaves coriaceous, shining, 

 elliptic-oblong, distantly serrulate, base u.nequal-sided, blade 2-4, pet. \ in. 

 El. generally dioecious, apetalous, disk 0. cj : in dense axillary clusters, calyx 

 3-5-partite, stamens 3, filaments fx^ee or connate at the base. $ : pedicellate, 

 solitary or a few together, calyx 5-6-cleft, segments small. Ovary pubescent, 

 3-celled, styles 3 short, dilated into broad fleshy stigmas. Fr. ellipsoid, white- 

 tomentose, on pedicels |~1 in. long, stone pointed, rugose, very hard, seed one. 



Subhimalayan tract, from the Chenab eastwards, ascending to 2,500 ft. Both 

 Peninsulas, in damp evergreen forests and on bankb of streams, but not common. 

 Often planted. FL March-May, fr. takes 12 months to ripen. The nuts are strung 

 up in rosaries. — Ceylon. The sepals generally are semipersistent, traces remaining 

 until the f r. ripens, in some cases (specimens from Upper Burma) they fall immediately 

 after flowering. 



12. HEMICYCLIA, Wight & Arn. ; Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 337. 



Evergreen trees or shrubs, 1. alternate, base often unequal-sided. Fl. 

 small, dicBcious, sepals 4-5, imbricate. <J : Stamens 4-23 inserted round an 

 orbicular disk, filaments free, anther-cells parallel. ? : Disk fiat annular, 

 ovary 1- rarely 2-celled, stigma sesile or nearly so. Fruit with a hard endo- 

 carp, seeds grooved on one face. Species 9, Indo-Malayan region, Australia. 



A. Western species. 



1. H. sepiaria, Wight & Arn. ; "Wight Ic. t. 1872. Vern. Vira'i, Tarn. ; Bira^ Tel. : 

 Eh'a^ Kan. 5 Vellelamhit^ Tarn. ; Vella Kasamt^ Mai. Common in the semi-evergreen 

 scrixb and forests of the Karnatik and Deccan.— Ceylon dry region. A rigid much- 

 branched shrub, young shoots minutely pubescent, wood very hard, close- and even- 

 grained, L glabrous, rigidly coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, base rounded or cordate, 

 blade IJ-S in., pet. J~| in. long. Fr. ci-imson, globose J-J in. diam. 2. H. veimsta^ 

 Th waites. — Syn. Astylis t-enu&ta^ Wight Ic. 1. 1992. Western Ghats from Kanara south- 

 wards, common in evergreen forests. Northern Gircars (Gamble). A middle-sized ti-ee, 

 branchlets nearly glabrous, 1. glabrous, coriaceous, blade 3-5, pet. J in. long. Fl. ^ , 

 pedicels and both surfaces of sepals velvety, sepals 4 obtuse, | in. long, 2 outer 2 inner, 

 stamens usually 8, filaments and anthers hairy. Fr, obovoid f , pedicel ^-IJ in long. 

 Nearly allied are the following : 3. H. elata, Bedd. PL Sylv. t. 279. Wainad, Ana- 

 malafe, Tinnevelli. A large tree, 1. thinly coriaceous, ii. larger and on longer pedicels 

 than 2. 4. H. Porteri, Gamble in Hook. To. t. 2701. Varsanad valley, Madura district, 

 near streams, 2,000 ft. A small gregarious tree, $ fl. large, J in. across, stamens 



