Sapium] XCVIII. EUPHOEBIAOEiE 585 



— Syn. JExcoecaria i7idica, Muell. Arg. Vern. ffuru, BatuJ^ Beng. Tidal forests, Sundriban, 

 Tenasseiim. Travancore on the banks of rivers. — Ceylon. Malay Penins. A small 

 glabrous evergreen milky tree, wood boft, 1. elliptic-lanceolate, serrate, not glancons 

 beneath., blade 3-5, pet. l-\ in. Eacemes spiciform, solitary, <? fl. clustered, nearly 

 sessile, 9 larger, pedicellate. Fr. 1 in. diam., young succulent, old woody, obscurely 

 S-lobed. 



4. S. eug-enisefoliiim, Ham. Himalaya, from Kumaon eastwards, 2-4,000 ft. Kbasi 

 hills. Glabrous, 1. elliiDtic, blade 3-5, pet. 1-4 in. Bacemes dense, simple, solitary, 

 capsule globose, \-\ in. diam., valves thick, woody, separating from the persistent 

 broadly 3-winged axis. 



B. Spikes unisexual. 



5. S. insigne, Benth.—Syn. J5?a?c(:Bmr/amsz^ms, Muell. Arg. ; Falconcria 

 insignis and F, WallicJiiana^ Eoyle 111. t. 84a ; F. malabarica, Wight Ic. t. 

 1866; CariimMum insigne, Kiirz^ P. Fl. ii. 412. Yern. Boddar, IST. W. 

 Himal. ; Khindra, Kliimia^ Lendua, Hind. ; Uo^a, Hure^ Dudla, Mar. 



A middle-sized glabrous, deciduous tree, usu.ally small but in places attain- 

 ing 50 ft., abounding in thick milky sap, branches thick, foliage bright green. 

 L. elongate-elliptic, acuminate, dentate, blade 6-15, pet. 1-2 in. long. El. in 

 unisexual robust spikes, 3-10 in. long, £ fl. sessile in round clusters, the 

 central fl. opening first, stameias 2. 5 fi- shortly pedicelled, sepals ovate, 

 acuminate, styles very short. Fr. a spike of numerous ovoid capsules on a 

 thick rachis, the capsules 2-3-celled, fleshy at first, dry and irregularly 

 dehiscent when ripe. 



Subliimalayan tract and outer valleys, from tlie Bias eastwards, ascending to 5,500 ft. 

 Assam. Cliittagong. Pegu Yoma. Western Peninsula, on the West side from the 

 Konkan southwards, on dry rocky soil near the coast and in evergreen forest on the 

 ghats. Also on the hills of Karnul and Cuddajjah. Kambakum hill (D. B. Nov. 1881). 

 PL Jan.-March, while the tree is leafless. 



32. EXCCECARIA, Linn. ; FL Brit. Ind. v. 472, 



Glabrous ti-ees or shrubs with acrid milk, 1. in some species opposite, racemes 



or spikes bracteate, unisexual or androgynous, generally lateral. Fl. c? 1-3 



on each bract, sepals 3 small, stamens 3, anther-cells contiguous, parallel. 



5 : Calyx 3-fid or -partite, styles stout, shortly connate, spreading or recurved, 



entire. Capsule of 3 cocci separating from the persistent axis. 



A. L. alternate. 



1. E. Agalloclia, Linn. ; Wight Ic. 1. 1865, fig, 1-5 left-hand corner. Yern. Gengwa 

 Qeogheria^ Beng. ; Geva^ Suran^ Surimd, Mar. ; Komatti, Mai. ; Kayaw, Tayaw, !Barm. 

 Tidal forests, Sundriban, Andamans and on the coast of Burma. On the coast and 

 along brackish backwaters of the Western Peninsula. PL H. S., R. S. Sea coast 

 Ceylon, Indian Archipelago, North Australia, New Caledonia. A small evergreen 

 bushy tree, sap extremely acrid, causing blisters on the skin, L bright green, elliptic, 

 acuminate, usually shallow sinuate-crenate, blade 2-4, pet. slender J-1 J in. PL minute, 

 fragrant, yellowish-green, 6 in catkin-like spikes, each fl. on a broad bract, imbricating 

 in bud with several minute bracteoles, anthers long exserted, 9 pedicelled, in short 

 racemes, the upper fl. usually imperfect, sepals broadly ovate, serrulate. Capsule 

 varying much in size, |~1 in. diam., coriaceous, deeply 3-lobed. 



2. E. acerifolia. F. Didrichs. — Syn. Stillingia himalayemis, Klotzch in Bot. Prinz 

 Waldemar t. 21. Central Himalaya, Kumaon and Nepal, 3-5,000 ft. Khasi hills. A 

 large glabrous shrub, foliage deep green. L. membranous, elliptic-lanceolate, serrate, 

 blade 4-6, pet. -J-i in. Spikes androgynous, S fl. sessile, 2-8 in the axil of a broadly- 

 ovate bract, ? at the base of spikes. Capsule | in. diam., 2-3-lobed. 3. E. holopHylla, 

 Kurz. Martaban and Tenasserim, evergreen forest. L. lanceolate or oblanceoiate, 

 quite entire, spikes slender, terminal androgynous, the ? fl. at the base. 4. E. recti- 

 nervis, Kurz. Nicobars. Branchlets stout, 1. coriaceous, obovate-oblong, blade 6-9 , 

 pet. 1 in, long. 



B. L. Opposite, spikes tmisexnal. 



5. E. crenulata, Wight Ic. t. 1865. — Syn. E. cockinchinensis, Muell. Arg. ; Bedd, 

 Manual t. xxii. f . 5 ; K oppositifolia, Thw. (non Jack). Western Ghats from Coorg 

 southwards, Nilgiris, Anamalais. A small evergreen usually dioecious tree or shrub 

 branchlets slender. L. thinly coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, crenulate 



