Trema] XOIX. ULMACE^ 597 



1. T. orientalis, Bliune.— Syn. Sponia orientaliSy Planch. ; ^S". Wightii^ 

 Planch. ; Wight Ic. t. 1971 ; Bedel. PL Sylv. t. 311. The Charcoal tree. 

 Vern, Jiban^ Chikan^ Beng. ; Kagol^ Gol, Mar. ; Oman, Mbii^ Tarn. ; Gacla 

 nelUj Tel. 



A small rapidly growingj short-lived tree, branches straight, spreading, 

 branchlets pubescent. L. ovate, acuminate, blade 2-6, pet. ^-1 in., the lateral 

 basal nerves reaching to half the length of leaf, base unequal-sided cordate, 

 upperside more or less rough, underside white or grey-pubescent or tomentose. 

 Cymes longer than petiole, cJ compact, 5 lax. 



Subliimalayan tract from the Jumna eastwards. Bengal. Behar. Singblium. 

 Central Provinces. Western Peninsula. Springs up abundantly on clearances in the 

 forest. Fl. nearly throughout the year. — Ceylon, very common, Malaya. China. 

 Australia. 2, T. amt)oiiieiisis, Blinne. — Syn. Sponia vehitina^ Planchon; Wight Ic. 1. 1990. 

 Sikkim, foot of hills. Assam. Khasi and Naga hills. Chutia Nagpur (Prain). Chitta- 

 gong, Andamans and Nicobars. Burma, Upper (Kywesa) and Lower (SatsJia)^ 

 abundant in the secondary growth on deserted Taungyas. — Malay Penins. China. 

 Australia. Nearly allied to 1, of which Kurz regards it as a variety ; perhaps 

 not specifically distinct, supposed to differ by the branchlets pubescent with 

 spreading hairs, 1. beneath softly tomentose, shining, cymes more dense and com- 

 pact. Some specimens of the Central Provinces and the W^estern Peninsula cannot 

 be distinguished from the Eastern specimens. Gr. M. Ryan considers that both 

 ■species grow in the Thana district. 3. T. polltoria, Planch. — Syn. Sjponia politoria^ 

 Planch. Vern. Bahtia, Merwara; Khagshi, Khardal, Kuri, Hind. Subhimalayan 

 tract and outer valleys ascending to 8,000 ft. Salt range. Bajputana and 

 Central Provinces, common on clearings, landslips, road cuttings or embankments. 

 Singbhum. Upper Burma (Petsat) on sandbanks and islands in streams. L. hard, 

 rigid, very rough on both surfaces, used to polish wood and horn, oblong-lanceolate, 

 base equal-sided, blade 2-3, pet. J in. long. Cymes unisexual, 6 compact, usually 

 shorter than petiole. 4. T. timorensis, Blume. Tenasserim. Malay Penins. China. 

 A small evergreen tree, branchlets slender, drooping, 1. nearly glabrous, membranous, 

 lanceolate or ovate -lanceolate, long-acuminate, cymes few-M , glabrous. 



Order C. MORACEiE. Engl, in Engl. u. Prantl iii. 1. QQ. 



{Urticacece, tribes lY. Morece^ V. Artocarpece^ VI. CoiiocephalecB, 



Gen. PI. iii. 344) 



Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs, sap milky. L. usually alternate, undivided 

 in old, often lobed in young trees, stipules large, often amplexicaul. PL uni- 

 sexual, frequently crowded on unisexual receptacles, which are globose, cylindrie 

 or hollow (Flctos). $ perianth of 2-6 segments or sepals, to which the stamens 

 are opposite, (1 stamen in Artocarpus.) ? perianth of 4 sepals or segments, 

 often persistent and fleshy in fr. Ovary 1-celled, ovule 1, pendulous, rarely 

 erect and basal. Seed with or without albumen, cotyledons often unequal. 



Bast-iibres strongly developed in the bark, often very long, useful for the manu- 

 factu.re of paper, cloth and ropes. Cystolith cells conspicuous in the epidermis. 

 Continuous (not articulated) laticiferous tubes in bark and leaves. 



A. PL minute, unisexual, in a hollow receptacle, 



which is fleshy in f r 1. Picus. 



B. Fl. dioecious, in open funnel-shaped receptacles, the 



$ fleshy in fr Hullettia (p. 610). 



<C. Pruit a syncarpium, consisting of the fleshy perianths, on a globose or cylindrical 

 receptacle. 

 (a) Unarmed (see also Plecospermum). 



L. penninerved, the lowest pair sometimes 

 basal. Climbing shrubs. 



cj and 9 fl. in globose heads, arranged 



in dichotomous cymes . . . Conocephalus (p. 610). 

 S fl. in fascicled spikes, 9 in globose 



lieads 2. Alljsanthus 



Trees 3- ARTocARrus. 



