598 0. MORACEiE [Ficm 



L. palminerved, "basal n. 3-7 prominent. 

 'Riye carpels (aclienes) enclosed in tlie 



syncarpinm 4. Morus. 



Hipe carpels pendulous on long fleshy 



stalks 5. Broussonetia. 



(b) Armed (excepting Plecosj^ermum andamcmicum). 



Stamens included, s^yncarpium manj^-seeded 6. Cudrania. 

 Stamens exserted, syncarpium few-seeded . 7. Plecospermum. 



D. Fruit the result of one flower. 

 («) Unarmed trees or shrubs. 



Glabrous, 1. quite entire, fr. enclosed by 4 

 orbicular concave accrescent coriaceous 



sepals PSEUDOSIRLBLUS (p. 614). 



Hairy, 1. entire or serrulate. 



A tall tree, young shoots yelvety, 1.3-6 

 in, $ perianth 0, fr. velvety, en- 

 closed in a fleshy involucre of con- 

 nate bracts 8. Antiaris. 



A rigid shrub or small tree, 1. 2-4 in., 

 very rough. ? |)erianth of 4 sepals, 



fleshy in f r 9. Sireblus. 



(h) More or less armed. 



L. rigidly coriaceous, spinulose-dentate, fl. 



6 in catkin-like spikes, ? in racemes . Balanostreblus (p. 615). 

 L. membranous, serrate. 



n. 6 in clustered involucrate heads. 9 

 solitary, berry enclosed in the en- 

 larged lanceolate sepals . . . Phyllociilamys (p. 615). 

 PL 6 minute, in short axillary compact 

 racemes, 9 in lax few-fld. axillary 

 and terminal racemes, fr. obliquely 

 subglobose Taxotroi^his (p. 616). 



1. FICUS, Linn. ; M. Brit. Ind. v. 494. 



Tree or shrubs^ often epipli^'-tiCj sending out aerial roots, many species creeping 

 and climlbing by mean.s of adventitious roots on stems j on the ground, and over 

 rocks, at times subsequently developing an erect stem with a spreading^ 

 crown. Juice milky. Narrow undulating concentric bands of parenchyma 

 in tbe wood. L. usually alternate, stipules deciduous in most species, leaving 

 annular scars. !FL minute, together with numerous thin bracteoles covering the 

 inner suiiace of a hollow globose or pear-shaped receptacle {fig) which sometimes 

 lengtbens out into a stalk, supported by 8 or 4 basal bracts, the mouth of 

 tlie receptacle closed by numerous scales in several rows, the inner scales turned 

 downwards^ tbose of tlie outer row being erect or spreading. PL of 5 kinds : 



$ with 1-B anthers (a) without, (&) with a rudimentary pistil, (c) ? fl. (cT) gall 

 fl., ? with a short style, (e) neuter fl. consisting of a pedicellate perianth 

 without stamens or pistil. Perianth of 2--6 sepals, or gamosepalous, 2-6- 

 partite. In the species of one section (Urostlgma) (?, ? and gall fl. are in 

 the same receptacle, in the other species (J and gall fl. as a rule are in one 

 set and $ fl. in another set of receptacles. In some species of Urostigma the 



$ fl. are mixed with the others, as a rule they are onlj'' found near the mouth 

 of the receptacle, in some species few, in others mimercus, covering half the 

 inner surface. The gall fl. do not usually develop an embryo, but are visited 

 by Hymenopterous insects {BJastophaga) which lay their eggs in them. The 

 perfect insect, on leaving the receptacle, takes away the pollen of the $ fl. 

 and thus fertilizes the ? fl. in another receptacle. The $ receptacles 

 generally require several months to ripen ; the fr, as a rule becomes fleshy and 

 encloses numerous minute achenes. Embryo curved, in a scanty albumen. 



The following key to the species of this large genus may be found useful : 



