658 ex. PALM^ [Corypha 



high, the broad sheathing hracts often pierced by the primary branches, drupes large. 

 The broad leaf-segments of this and the following are highly prized for writing upon. 

 Umbrellas made of the 1. are largely exported from Kanara. 



2. C. Taliera, Eoxb. Cor. PL t. 255, 256. (TalUera, Eoxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 174; FL Brit. 

 Ind. vi. 428). United with 1 by Pram in Bengal Plants 1091 (1903). but kept distinct 

 by the same author in Becords of Bot. Survey of India iii. 293 (1905). Cultivated in. 

 Bengal, home uncertain. Trunk 80 ft., rough from the scars of the fallen petioles^ 

 pet. entire at base, segments united beyond the middle. Spadix 20 ft. high or 

 more, primary branches in. the axils of the broad sheathing bracts, drupes large. 



3. C. elata, Eoxb. ; G-riff. Palms t. 220 n. Vern. Bajar, Beng. Cultivated in 

 Bengal. Trunk 60-70 ft., strongly marked with spiral ridges, the scars of the spirally- 

 arranged petioles. Pet. slender, 6-12 ft. long, segments united to the middle, narrow. 

 Panicle small, compact, drupes small. To this species Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 

 60, 331, had referred C. macropoda^ Kurz F. Fl. ii. 525 and C. Gehanga, Kurz ibid, (non 

 Blume), which is very common in Little Coco, and is also found on Great Coco. 

 Later information however has induced him to refer the Coco as well as the Anda- 

 man tree to C. timbraculifera, L. 



Oedee CXI. PANDANACE^. Gen. PI. iii. 949. 



•Wai'burg in Engler's Pflanzenreich, iv, 9. 



Dioecious trees or sbrnbs, some scandent with aerial roots, the stem often 

 forked and supported, as if standing on stilts, by numerous adventitious roots. 

 Leaves coriaceous, linear or lanceolate, sessile with a sheathing base, in 

 tristichous spirals, edges and midrib usually spinous, the spines on the edges 

 erect, those on the midrib usually retrorse, transverse n. prominent. Spadix 

 axillary or terminal, simple or branched, clothed with leafy spathes, fl. small^ 

 crowded, perianth 0, no bracts or bracteoles. Stamens numerous, filaments 

 either free, on the axis of the catkin, or connate below into a staminal-column, 

 anthers basifixed. Ovary consisting of 1 or numerous carpels, free or connate. 

 Syncarpium consisting of numerous more or less obconical fruits, the apex of 

 each fruit or carpel distinct, pyramidal conical or convex, crowned by the 

 hardened style or stigma, either drupaceous, or a many-seeded berry. Endo- 

 sperm oily, abundant, embryo minute, basal. 



A transverse section through the stem shows numerous iibro- vascular bundles, each 

 consisting of a great hard horny mass of wood-fibres with one or several groups of vessels 

 and sieve-tubes. The leaf -traces bend inwards from the leaf -basis and pin. on to other 

 iftbro- vascular bundles, but they do not show a regular bend outwards as is the case in 

 Palms. 

 Erect or procumbent, syncarpium drupaceous, pyrenes as many 



as fertile ovaries 1. Pandanus. 



Climbing, carpels connate, forming a 1-celled ovary. Syncarpium 

 a berry, seeds numerous, small 2. Preycinetia. 



1. PANDANUS, Linn. f. ; EL Brit. Ind. vi. 483. 



Erect or procumbent. Ovary of 1 or several one-celled carpels, 1 ovule in 

 each. Carpels free or connate, no staminodia. In fr. the upper half of each 

 carpel hollow or filled with spongy, pith-like tissue, seeds large, testa 

 membranous. Syncarpia as a rule solitary. Species 156, tropical Africa^ 

 Asia, Australia, and Polynesia. 



A. Carpels distinct. 



(a) Eilaments free, on the axis of the catkin. 



1. p. foetidus, Boxb. ; Kurz in Seemann's Journal of Botany v. (1867) 101, t. 62, fig. 

 4-6. Vern. Keor kanta, Hind. ', Kotki kanta, Beng. ; Thagyet^ Tawthagyetj Burm. 

 Khasi hills. Cachar. Central and East Bengal. Chittagong and coast of Burma in 

 tidal forests. Prostrate, soboliferous, 3-5 ft. high, 1. glaucous-green, linear, 4-6 ft. long. 

 Spathes yellow, glossy, short sharp spines along the edges. PI, foetid, stamens free, on 

 a fleshy axis, filaments short, connective long, mucronate. Syncarpium solitary,. 

 2-5 in. long, drupes 5-6-gonous, apex pyramidal, terminating in a long spinescent 



