SOS Musical Intonation and Temperament. 



comma sharper and flatter respectively than the names indicate. 

 These, then, are the Elements of Music. Pure music at concert 

 pitch can contain no other but by modulating beyond the 18 keys, 

 and DO other sounds are ever used but as substitutes for some one of 

 tbeso. 



Hero is the proper place, (though it is almost superfluous,) to men- 

 tion the other modes of representing these sounds. One. which is 

 very common in this country, England and Germany, is by letters. 

 The diatonic scale of Do is indicated by the letters C D E F G A 

 B C. Do 1 is written 2 ; Do", £ ; Do', C; Do*, c; Do', c; Do', = ! 

 and Do', c • These names are inconvenient to pronounce, incon- 

 venient to the printer, and cannot be applied in singing the notes. 

 These inconveniences are not counterbalanced by a single advantage 

 peculiar to this system, and its entire abandonment would greatly 

 benefit the study of music. 



The musician, who needs only a few octaves, writes them on staves 



of generally five lines each. He marks the place of Sol' with An , pla- 

 cing La* next above it and Fa* next below it. Fan is placed on the 

 same line or space 1 with Fa, and preceded by a Sharp (#) either on 

 the beginning of the staff or in the same measure with the note, and 

 so with all sharps. The flatted pitches are written in the same way, 

 with a Flat (|j) preceding them. Where a note is in danger of be- 

 ing read as sharped or flatted when it is not, it is preceded by a Natu- 

 ral (t|). -Acute pitches are marked with the acute accent ('), and 

 grave pitches with the grave accent ("), either at (ho beginning of the 

 staflfor after each note. Where a note might be supposed to bo acute 

 or grave, but should be neither, it is followed by a small circle (°). 

 These marks are omitted in music, intended only to be executed. 



Fa' is denoted by $®j and Do' (middle Do) by Jiff or 



often very improperly used to denote Sol' as well as Sol' — leaving 

 the performer to guess which. 



We here give the pitches from Do' to Do', written with the Fa 

 and Do Clefs : — 



