150 WOODS OF COMMERCE 



scented " or " Bed Gum." Aborig. " Dargan." Height 40—80 ft. 

 diam. li— 3J ft; S.G. 876^1125. W 60—70. R 725—695 lbs. 

 Light yellow or pale brown, very hard, heavy, close-grained, tough, 

 durable, with a wavy figure, but with some gum- veins and cup- 

 shake. Used for spokes, naves, cogs, treenails, posts, and, to 

 some extent, engraving. The name Yellow Box is also appHed to 

 Eucalyptus hemifhloia [See Canarywood], and to E. largiflorens [See 

 Gum, Slaty]. 

 Box-Elder. See Maple, Ash-leaved. 



Boxthorn (Bursdria spinosa Cav. : Order Pittospordcece), Aus- 

 tralia and Tasmam'a. " I^ative Box " or " OHve." Height 20— 

 30 ft. ; diam. less than a foot. White, close-grained, and taking a 

 fine poHsh. Used in turnery. 



Braziletto or Brazil-wood {Gcesalpinia hrasilimsis Sw. : Order 

 LeguminoscB), now almost extinct, G, crista L., 0. hijuga Sw., and 

 G, tinctoria H.B.K. Tropical America. Hard, heavy woods, 

 taking a pohsh, and employed for vioHn-bows and in cabinet-work, 

 but mainly as a red dye. They contain a red colouring-matter 

 known as Bra^Uine, soluble in waV and giving, with lime' baryta 

 and tin chloride, a red precipitate, whilst Logwood gives a blue 

 one. [See also Nicaragua wood, Peaeh wood, Pernambueo wood and 

 Sappan wood.] 



Break-axe. See Ironwood xxiii. 



Briar. See Ash, Prickly. 



Briar-root (Erica arhorea L. : Order Ericdcece). French " Bru- 

 yere." Southern Europe. Dark brown, dense, mottled. Small 

 wood, used exclusively for tobacco-pipes, imported from France. 



Brigalow. See Myall, Brigalow. 



Brimstone-tree {Morinda citrifoUa), See Canary- wood. 



Broom {Gytisus scopdrius Link. : Order Leguminosce), Western 

 Europe. Cultivated in Algeria, its stems being imported under the 

 trade names of " Congo Oak " and '* Black Orange " as walking- 

 sticks. 



Buckeye, Ohio [Msculus glabra Willd.) and Sweet Buckeye 

 (J£^. fAva Ait. : Order Sapinddcem). Eastern United States. Small 

 trees with creamy-white, light, soft, ^% and even-grained wood, 

 not strong, but often tough, easily worked. Used locally for build- 

 ing, but more for turnery, artificial limbs, and especially paper-pulp. 

 These woods, and that of JE, indica Colebrooke, from North- West 

 India, resemble that of the Horse-Chestnut. [See TocM.] 



^ Buckthorn [Ehdmnus cathdrticus L. : Order Bhamrdcece), Europe, 

 Siberia, North Africa. Germ. " Kreuzdorn." A shrub with narrow, 

 greenish-yellow sapwood and orange-red heart, with a narrow but 



