CEDAE 159 



a fine tree, 150 ft. high, reaching 6 ft. diam., and yielding an orna- 

 mental, fragrant, light, yellow-brown wood, susceptible of a good 

 polish, and suitable for building, pencils and other purposes. 

 Though suitable for re-afforesting tropical highlands, this species 

 is not at present abundant. 



Cedar, Red, in North America {Juniperus Virginidna L. : Order 

 Cupressinece), " Florida Cedar, Savin, Pencil Cedar." French 

 '' Cedre de Virginie," Germ. " Virginischer Sadebaum," " Virgin- 

 ische Wachholder," " Bleistift-holz." Throughout the coasts of 

 the United States, but large only in the South. Height 40 — 50 or 

 even 100 ft. ; diam. 1—4 ft. S.G. 330. W 20—35. Sapwood 

 broad, yellowish ; heart rose-red to brown-red, fragrant ; annual 

 rings sinuous ; pith-rays very fine ; resin-ducts absent ; light, soft, 

 brittle, compact, fine-grained, strong, easily split, durable, especially 

 in contact with the soil or water, and obnoxious to insects. One 

 of the most valuable coniferous woods of America. Formerly much 

 used by the Spaniards in Florida for ship-building, and in England, 

 up to fifty years ago, for cabinets, work-boxes, etc., it was occa- 

 sionally employed in the United States for railway-sleepers and 

 fencing, in the Southern States for coffins, and in Philadelphia for 

 cooperage. It is, however, now too dear for any use but pencil- 

 making, for which purpose several million cubic feet are cut annually, 

 A useful paper for protection against moth is made from the refuse 

 of the pencil factories. 



Cedar, Red, in Cape Colony [Gunonia capensis L. : Order Gunoni- 

 deem). Dutch " Eood Els " or " Elzenhout." Height 15 — 25 or 

 even 60 ft. ; diam. l\ — 2 ft. W 46. Red ; close-grained, tough, 

 taking a good polish. Much used in cabinet-work and turnery, 

 for railway-sleepers, and by wheelwrights. 



Cedar, Pink or Red, of Sikkim tea-planters, used for tea-chests 

 and furniture, is Acrocdrpus fraxinifoUus Wight (Order Legum- 

 inosce), the '' Mandania " of the natives. 



Cedar, Red, in Australia {Gedrela Toona). See Cedar, Moulmein. 



Cedar, Rock {Juniperus sabinoides Sarg.), a native of Mexico and 

 Texas. Height 20---40 ft. ; diam. 1 ft. S.G. 690. W 43. Sap- 

 wood thin, nearly white ; heart brown, often streaked with red, 

 sKghtly fragrant, light, hard, close-grained, not strong, very durable 

 in contact with soil. Used for sleepers, telegraph-poles, fencing, 

 and fuel. 



Cedar, Sitka, or Yellow {Cupressus nuikaensis Hook. = OAam^- 

 cyparis nutkaensis Spach : Order Gupressinece). United States and 

 Canada. Also known as "Yellow Cypress." W 20.75. Large, 

 sometimes exceeding 6 ft. diam. ; light reddish-brown, soft, weak, 

 easily worked, but shrinking unless seasoned, very durable in 



