ELM— FIDDLE-WOOD 173 



Elm, Spreading (?7. efusa Willd.). Germ. " Elatterriister." 

 Sapwood broad, yellowish ; heart Hght-brown ; vessels in spring 

 wood in a single line, those in the summer wood in broad con- 

 tinuous wavy bands ; less strong than the other species ; but valued 

 on the Continent on account of its markings for turnery, cabinet- 

 work, gun-stocks, etc. 



Elm, Wingedi, or Cork-winged (fJ. aldta Michx.). Ahorig, '' Wa- 

 hoo." South-East United States. Small, heavier and more 

 compact than U, americdna, fine-grained ; pores in spring wood 

 small, in a sinde row, those in summer wood in broad, sHsjhtlv 

 wavy bands. ' ^ " 



In Australia the name " Elm " is applied to Duboisia myoporoides 

 [See Cork-wood] and to AfhanatM fhillifpinensis Planch. (Order 

 Urticece), known al^o as '' TuHp-wood," and by the aborigines as 

 " Mail," a tree introduced in the north-east, 80 — 90 ft. high and 

 1 — IJ ft. in diam., yielding a Hght-coloured, close-grained wood, 

 used for internal work in building. 



Els, Klip or Rock Ash {Rhus Thunhergii Hook. : Order Anacardi- 

 deem). Cape Colony. Hard, heavy, close-grained, and tough. 

 Suitable for musical instruments or carving. 



Els, Rood. See Cedar, Red. 



Eng {Dipterocdrpus tuherculdtus Roxb. : Order Dipterocarpdcece). 

 Burma. Burm, " Eng." A large tree, 60 ft. in height and 3 ft, 

 in diam. W 66, Reddish, hard. Used for house-posts, canoes, 

 and planking. Other species, such as D. grandiflora WaU. and 

 D. aldtus Roxb. [See Gurjun], are confused under the same name. 



Engyin {Shorea siaminsisMiq^. : Oxdei Dipterocarpdcece), Burma 

 and Siam. Perhaps the same name as the preceding. A large 

 tree, resembhng the allied Sal. W 54 — 55. Heart very hard, very 

 heavy and cross-grained : pith-rays finer than in Sal. Used in 

 house-building, and for bows, etc. 



Epel of Borneo may be '' Ypil " of the Philippines, " Yepi, 

 Apa " or '' Epe " in Telugu, Afzelia Ujuga A. Gray [See Shoondul], 

 BauMnia diphylla Buch. or Hardwickia bindta Roxb. [See Anjan.] 



Essen-boom. See Ash, Cape. 



Featherwood {Polyosma Ounninghdmii J. J. Benn. : Order Saxi- 

 fragdcece). North-Eastern Australia. " Hickory, Wineberry." 

 Aborig, " YaraUa." Height 40—60 ft. ; diam. 1—3 ft. W 49-3. 

 Yellow, close-grained, tough. Used for ladders, hand-spikes, etc. 



Fiddle-wood [OitharSxylum melanocdrdium Sw., cinireum L., 

 surrectum Griseb., and quadranguldre Jacq. : Order VerbeTidcece). 

 West Indies. French " Bois fidMe, Bois de cotelet." Used for 

 posts, shingles, etc. 



