IRONWOOD 191 



heavy, very hard, tough, strong, seasoning and working well, 

 durable. Perhaps the most valuable Ironbark: much used for 

 sleepers and other railway work, fence-posts, beams, etc. [See 

 also Gum, Cabbage.] 



Ironwood, a name applied to many widely diSerent timbers in 



various countries ; but to a greater variety in Austraha than elsewhere. 



(i) Acdcia excelsa Benth. (Order Leguminosce), Queensland. 



Height 70—80 ft. ; diam. 2 — 3 ft. Violet-scented, ornamental, 



hard, close-grained, tough, elastic. A cabinet wood. 



(ii) A. stenophylla A. Ounn. Eastern Australia. Known also as 

 " Dalby Myall." Height 40—60 ft. ; diam. 1—2 ft. Bark, beauti- 

 fully marked, very hard, heavy, close-gramed, taking a fine poHsh. 

 (iii) Gasuarina equiseti folia Forst. (Order Casuarinem). See 

 Oak, Swamp. 



(iv) Melaleuca genisti folia 8m, {Ovdei Myrtdcece). I^orth-Eastern 

 Australia. Kjiown also as *' Bidge Myrtle." Height 30—40 ft. ; 

 diam. 1| — 2 ft. Greyish, close-grained, hard, durable. 



(v) Myrtus gonocldda P. v. M. (Order Myrtdcece). 'Noxth Queens- 

 land. Very hard, and suggested for engraving. 



(vi) Noteldea ligustrina Vent. (Order Oledcece). South-Eastern 

 Australasia. Known also as *' Native Olive, Heartwood " in Tas- 

 mania, and as " Spurious Olive," or " White Plum " in Victoria. 

 Height 30 ft. ; diam. 1 ft. S.G. 925. Irregularly figured, like Olive 

 wood, exceedingly hard and close-grained, and taking a &ae polish. 

 Used for mallets, blocks, and turnery, 

 (vii) Olea paniculdta. See Marblewood. 

 (viii) Tarrietia argyrodendron. See Silver-tree. 

 In Borneo and the Straits Settlements (ix) Eusideroxylon Zwagerii 

 is so called. See Billian. 



In Burma (x) Xylia dolabrijormis goes by this name. See Acle. 

 In Cape Colony (xi-xv) Olea lauri folia Lam. (Order Oledcece), 

 60 — 90 ft. high and 2 — ^3 ft. in diam. 0. unduldta Jacq., 0. capinsis 

 L., 0. exasperdta Jacq., and 0. verrucosa Link., '' Olyvenhout " or 

 " Umguma," all very similar and nearly equal to Lignum- Vitae, 

 are known as " Black Ironwood," W 54-6, used for guides for 

 stamps in gold-crushing ; whilst (xvi) Todddlia lanceddta Lam. 

 (Order Xanthoxyldcece) is known as " White Ironwood " [See 

 IJmzimbit], and (xvii) Sideroxylon inerme L. (Order Sapotdcece), 

 which occurs along the east coast of Africa from the Cape to Zanzi- 

 bar, a very heavy, hard, close-grained, durable, greyish-yellow 

 wood, with brownish-red markings, used in ship- and bridge-building, 

 and for telegraph-poles, is known as " White Ironwoodof Mauritius,'' 

 and also as " Soft " or " White Milkwood " in South Africa. Oopai- 

 fera Mopdne Kirk, which occurs from Guinea to Mozambique, is 

 (xviii) also known as " Ironwood." [See Mopane.] 

 In Ceylon and India the name ^' Ironwood " is applied to (xix) 



