194 WOODS OF COMMERCE 



of Australian timbers is stated to cover 14,000 square miles ; but 

 the best timber grows only on the ironstone ridges. It should be 

 cut when the sap is at its lowest ebb and banded if in the round, or 

 seasoned one month for every inch in thickness if in scantHngs. 

 Its durability is due to from 16 — 20 per cent, of a powerfully 

 astringent gum, mainly consisting of an acid allied to tannic, which 

 is present in the heartwood when sound. Burrs are sometimes 

 formed on the trees, from 6 — 10 ft. across, and equal to those of 

 Oak or Walnut in their figure. For ship-building Jarrah is classed 

 in line 3 of Lloyd's Register : it can be used without copper-sheath- 

 ing : while cheaper in India than Teak when in the log, and only 

 half its price in scantlings, roof-shingles made of it are almost 

 uninflammable ; and it is largely used for sleepers, telegraph-poles, 

 piles, dock gates, and keelsons, but especially for wood paving-- 

 blocks, for which purpose it has been largely employed. Jarrah 

 sleepers are apt to spHt in manufacture, and when in small scantlings 

 this timber twists and changes in shape for years. It can appar- 

 ently be much improved in this respect by impregnation. Its price 

 in England is about £7 per ton, or from £9 10s. to £13 10s. per 1,000 

 blocks, the freight alone being 50 — 60 shillings a ton. The orna- 

 mental varieties are valued for furniture, in spite of their great 

 weight ; and the wood also yields an excellent charcoal. 



Jarul {Lagerstrcemia floS'-regince Retz. : Order Lythrdcece). India, 

 Burma, and Ceylon. " Queen Lagerstroemia." SansL " Stotu- 

 lari." Hind. "Jarul." Burm. "Pym-mah." Sink, "Muruta.'^ 

 Height 30 ft. to &st branch ; diam. 4 ft. S.G. 744. W 41 — 46*5. 

 E 544 tons. / 5-22. /c 2-76. fs -337. R 822 lbs. Light red, 

 hard, lustrous, durable under water. The most valuable timber of 

 North-East India and second only to Teak in Burma. Chiefly 

 used in boat-building, often yielding compass-timber suitable for 

 knees ; but also for naves, felloes, waggon-frames, gun-carriages, 

 and building. 



Jati. See Teak. 



Jelutong {D^era costuldta Hook. fil. : Order ApocyndcecB). Malay 

 peninsula. Used locally for planks, etc. 



Jhand {Prosopis spicigera L. : Order Leguminosce), Persia, 

 Afghanistan, Western India. A moderate-sized tree, yielding 

 timber 9 in. square, purpHsh-browix, straight-grained, very hard, 

 tough and strong, easily worked, but not durable. Used for wheels^ 

 carts, agricultural implements, weavers' shuttles, furniture, and 

 building. 



Judas-tree {Girds SiUqudstrum L. : Order Legumindsce), Southern 

 Europe and Warmer Temperate Asia. Known also as " Love-tree." 

 French " Arbre de Judee, Gainier." Germ. '' Judasbaum.'* Sap- 

 wood white ; heart brownish-yellow, veined with black, handsome. 



