LOCUST— LOQUAT 205 



Locust or Black Locust in the United States are names used 

 indiscriminately for the allied Rdbinia psevdacdcia and Qhditschia 

 triacdnthos, the former known distinctively as the Yellow, the 

 latter as the Honey or Sweet Locust. 



Bobinia "pseudacdcia L. (Order Leguminosoe), Southern United 

 States. Height 75 ft. or more ; diam. 3 ft. or more. W 36 — 52. 

 Sapwood very narrow, comprising generally only five rings, 

 yellowish- white ; heart yellowish-brown, with shades of red and 

 green, very heavy, hard, strong, tough, firm, offering the greatest 

 resistance to compression in the direction of the fibres, elastic, 

 shrinking considerably in seasoning, but very durable, especially 

 in contact with soil. Vessels all plugged with thin-walled tyloses 

 and appearing as clear yellow spots : those in the spring-wood 

 very large, forming a broad pore-circle, those in the autumn-wood 

 often in peripheral lines. Used for sleepers, piles, waggon-hubs, 

 and tree-nails in America ; and in Europe, where it is considerably 

 grown, under the name "Acacia," especially on railway-banks 

 to protect forests from sparks, for vine-props, wheel-spokes, turnery, 

 aiid cabinet-work. It has recently acquired increased importance 

 both here and on the Continent from its suitability for the spokes 

 of motor-cars. _ 



OleditscMa triacdnthos L. (Order Leguminosoe), Central United 

 States. Ejiown also as " Three-thorned Acacia." French "' !Fevier 

 a trois epines." Oerm, " Dreidorniger Honigdorn." 8 fan. " Al- 

 garrobo de miel." Height 90 — 100 ft. ; diam. 3 — 4 ft. S.G. 674. 

 W 42. R 923 kilos. Sapwood broad, yellowish to greenish-white ; 

 heart rose or brownish-red, heavy, hard, fine- and close-grained, 

 strong and very durable, especially in contact with the soil, re- 

 sembling Bobinia in character and uses ; but with open vessels— 

 i.e., without tyloses. 



Logwood {Hcematoxylon camfechidnum L. : Order Leguminosce) . 

 Central America, naturalized in Jamaica and introduced into 

 India. '' Campeche." Germ. " Blauholz, Blutholz." Height 40 ft. ; 

 diam. If ft. S.G. 995. Deep dull brownish-red, very heavy and 

 hard, violet-scented. The heartwood is used exclusively as a 

 red or black dye. We import 40,000 to 60,000 tons annually, and 

 it fetches from £5 to £10 per ton. It comes to market in logs about 

 3 — 4 ft. long. The colouring-matter, " haematein," forms metallic 

 green crystals, but gives a port-wine coloured solution with water. 

 For purple dyes stannate of soda is used as a mordant : with lime, 

 baryta and tin chloride logwood gives a blue precipitate ; and 

 " woaded blacks " are dyed first in indigo and then in logwood 

 extract and potassium bichromate. Logwood is also extensively 

 used in the manufacture of ink. 



Lotiusd (EriobotryajaponicalAnAh; OxdexBosdcece). Japan. ''Biwa." 

 Oerm. " Wellenmispel." Hard. Used for musical instruments. 



