PINE 253 



Pine, Swiss. See Spruce and Pine, Cembra. 



Pine, Table Mountain. See Pine, Hickory. 



Pine, Torch. See Pine, Loblolly* 



Pine, Umbrella (Sciadopitys verticilldta S. and Z. : Order Taxo- 

 dinece). Japan. French " Sapin a Parasol." Oerm. "Japanische 

 ScMrmtanne." Japan " Koya-maki." Height 100 ft. ; diam. 

 2 — 3 ft. Wood nearly white, yellowish, or reddish-white, strong, 

 straight-grained. Used at Osaka, to which port it is floated down 

 the Kisiogaiva. 



Pine, Upland Spruce. See Pine, Sand. 



Pine, Westland {Dacrydium Westldndicum T. Eark: Order 

 Coniferce). New Zealand. '' Silver Pine." " Manao." Yielding 

 timber 50 ft. long and 2 J ft. diam. W 41. Light-coloured, very 

 fine- and even-grained, working well, heavier, harder, stronger, 

 tougher and more durable than Kahikatea. Excellent for sleepers 

 or piles. 



Pine, Weymouth. Pine, White, of America. 



Pine, White, of AustraHa. See Cypress-Pine. 



Pine, White, of America (P. Strobus L.). IN'ewfoundland and 

 Quebec to Georgia. Known also as " Soft, Apple, Sapling, New 

 England," or '' Pumpkin Pine," and in England as " Weymouth 

 Pine," having been largely planted by Lord Weymouth at Longleat, 

 or in the English timber- trade as " Yellow Pine." Germ, " Wey- 

 mouths-Kiefer, Strobe," French " Pin du Lord, Pin blanc." Height 

 140 — 180 ft., sometimes 100 ft. to first branch ; diam. 3 — 4 or 8 ft. 

 S.G. 385---600. W 20—30. E 600 tons, e' l-46-~6-94, averaging 

 3-48. p' -e— 78. / 3. /^ 1-5— 5-1. c 2,027. c' -267. fc 2-24— 

 2-5. R 626 kilos. Straight-growing ; sapwood yellowish-white ; 

 heart pinkish-yellow to pinkish-brown, Mght, very soft, straight- 

 grained, compact, not strong, free from resm, easily worked, sus- 

 ceptible of a fine polish, but not durable in contact with soil, subject 

 to cup and heart-shake, and in old trees to a slight sponginess at 

 the centre, very closely resembling the Cembra Pine (P. Cembra), 

 the narrow zone of autumn-wood merging into the spring-wood, 

 the tracheids of the pith-rays having smooth walls, and the cells 

 one or two large simple pits on their radial walls to each tracheid 

 of the xylem. This is the most useful of American timbers, being 

 very valuable for every description of joinery, doors, sashes, blinds, 

 interior finish, laths, shingles, clap-boards, cabinet-work, and 

 spars, and used also for fuel. Masts of this timber are much 

 inferior to Baltic or Douglas Pine in strength, and cannot be relied 

 upon for more than eight or ten years, especially if in the tropics. 

 They should be very thoroughly seasoned before being painted, 

 and the paint then renewed almost annually. Trees of a size 



