THE EXTERNAL GENERATIVE ORGANS. 741 
A saddle-shaped plate, which unites the paraphalli at their 
proximal end, supports a curved spine, the epiphallus, and gives 
articulation to a pair of small palp-like organs, which I term 
the posterior gonapophyses. 
The penis when at rest in the genital pouch lies in the 
median plane and has its long axis at right angles to the axis 
of the abdomen; its dorsal surface looks backwards and its 
ventral surface forwards. When it is exserted from the genital 
pouch its extremity is directed forwards, its ventral surface 
upwards and its dorsal surface downwards. 
In describing its several parts I shall regard it as exserted. 
The hypophallus in this position is above the ejaculatory duct 
and penis proper, the paraphalli curve upwards ; the inner and 
outer valves of the genital pouch are below and behind the 
penis, and are directed forwards ; and the dorsum of the meta- 
genital somite looks downwards. 
In fact, the whole extremity of the abdomen is curved when 
exserted, so that its extremity is directed forwards. To apply 
the description of the several parts to the penis when with- 
drawn it is only necessary to read backwards for downwards, 
and forwards for upwards. 
The Hypophallus is a broad plate, convex below and concave 
above; its edges are serrated, with the serrations directed 
backwards. It is the ventral wall of the penis proper. Two 
spine-like processes, the cornua, project upwards. It articu- 
lates behind with the ventral processes of the paraphalli, and 
in front by its cornua with their extremities. In front of the 
cornua the hypophallus is prolonged as a median spine, which 
supports the extremity of the penis. 
The Paraphalli form a saddle-shaped sclerite under the proximal 
fourth of the dorsum of the penis. This saddle bears a strong 
curved azygos spine. The anterior edges of the saddle are 
prolonged as two long hollow hooks, which are broad at their 
base. A wide curved process embraces the penis and unites 
with its fellow on its ventral aspect. These processes of the 
paraphalli support the posterior edge of the hypophallus, with 
which they articulate by syndesmosis. 
