296 WOODY PLANTS OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
west; 6 inches from the ground, 24 feet 6, in circumference ; at 34 feet, small- 
est place, 22 feet 10; at 44 feet, 23 feet 10. It begins to branch at 54 feet 
from the ground, and divides into distinct trunks at 74 feet. Its roots spread 
very little at the surface. The trunk seems sound outside, but the branches 
at, and just above, the main trunk exhibit considerable decay, and one branch, 
about a foot in diameter, has fallen this season. Spread of branches 110 feet. 
An elm, with top in fine preservation, and apparently healthy, but with a deep 
hollow in one side of the trunk,—at the ground, 20 feet 9; at 44 feet, 16 feet 
10, smallest place ; branches off at 8 feet from the ground. On the intervale, 
northeast from the ferry a mile or so, are two decayed trees, 18 and 20 feet at the 
smallest places. One in the same situation, in fine condition ;—at 1 foot from 
the ground, 21 feet 4; at 2 feet, 17 feet 7, smallest place; at 44 feet, 19 feet 
11; branches at 5 feet from ground, and spreads over an area thirty paces in 
diameter. Another, in the same situation, in fine condition ;—at 1 foot from 
the ground, 18 feet 7; at 4 feet, 16 feet 8, smallest place; branches at 7 feet. 
A tree, called ‘‘ Mather Elm,’’ before an old house, formerly occupied by a 
family of that name, on the north side of Pleasant street —at 1 foot from the 
ground, 22 feet 8, roots spread much; at 44 feet, 15 feet 7, in smallest place ; 
branches at 12 feet, and is in fine condition, with the exception of one large 
branch gone. Elm, in King street, planted by President Edwards, now before 
the house of J. D. Whitney ;—at the ground, 22 feet 5; at 4 feet above, 
18 feet 10, smallest place ; branches at 7 feet and is in fine condition. One in 
the Main street, before the house of a Mr. Pomeroy, and opposite the mansion 
of the late Gov. Strong ;—at 4 feet from the ground, 15 feet 1, smallest part. 
Great Elm, at Hatfield, near the church, in the enclosure at the side of the 
town house ;—at the ground, 41 feet, roots spread much; at 34 feet, 27 feet; 
at 6 feet above, 22 feet 9, smallest place. Branches spread over an area 
108 feet in diameter. The trunk appears sound, but the branches are much 
decayed, and probably half of them have fallen. Two elms, at Hatfield, on 
the main road in the village, both in very sound and fine condition ;—the first, 
at the ground, 25 feet; at 2 feet above, 17 feet 2; at 3 feet above, 15 feet 5, 
smallest part. The second, at the ground, 20 feet 7; at 2 feet above, 15 feet 
5; at 34 feet above, 13 feet 7, smallest part. 
An elm tree, nearly opposite the house of Heman Day, Esq., in West 
Springfield, was planted by him on the 8th of January, 1775. At the time of 
transplanting, it was a sapling carried in the hand. The trunk, in 1829, was 
18 feet in circumference to the height of 12 feet above the surface, where it 
divides into branches which overhang a circle of more than 300 feet in circum- 
ference, covering 7,500 square feet of surface.—N. E. Farmer, VII, 299. 
It had thus grown 216 inches in circumference in 54 years, or at the rate of 
4inches a year. All the circles of growth must average two thirds of an inch. 
In 1845, this tree was carefully measured by a gentleman of Springfield, who 
gives me the following dimensions :—at 3 feet, its diameter is 7 feet: at 5, 
