xX. 2. THE SCOTCH ELM. 305 
Sp. 4. Tue Scorcs Kum. Olmus montana. Bauhin. 
Another elm which has been partially introduced in this coun- 
try, and is very much cultivated in Scotland, and the northern 
parts of England, is the Scotch Elm, otherwise called the 
Wych Elm, or Wych Hazel. For many purposes, its wood is 
preferred to that of the English Elm, as it splits more freely. 
On the whole, however, it is inferior. It resembles our Slippery 
Elm. 
‘There are several other species of elm known in this coun- 
try, though I have never found them in Massachusetts. The 
River Elm, U. nemordlis, is said by Pursh, (N. A. Flora, p. 
200,) to occur, rarely, on the banks of rivers from New Eng- 
land to Virginia. He speaks of having seenit growing. It is 
characterized as having oblong, smoothish leaves, equally ser- 
rate, and nearly equal at base, with sessile flowers. Michaux 
mentions an elm which he saw in Maine, and on the Champlain, 
differing from those which have been described, but which more 
nearly resembled the common elm. 
‘There 1s described and figured in Silliiman’s Journal, (XIX, 
p- 170,) by David Thomas, a new species of elm which he 
calls Racemed Elm, U. racemdsa, whose specific character he 
gives thus :— 
‘‘Utmus raceMosa.—F lowers in racemes; pedicels in distinct 
fascicles; united at their bases. A tree. Lower branches, 
with irregular corky excrescences. Leaves, ovate, acuminate ; 
auriculate on one side; doubly serrate; above, glabrous; 
under side and ribs, minutely pubescent. Racemes, of sev- 
eral fascicles, (often three or four, with a terminal flower ;) 
one to two and a half inches long—from the sides of the 
last year’s branches, and often garnished with small but per- 
fect leaves, before the terminal buds open. Fascicles of from 
two to four flowers. Flowers, pedicellate. Calyx, from seven 
to eight-cleft. Stamens, from seven to ten. Stigmas two, re- 
curved. Samara, ovate, pubescent; membrane more extended 
on one side; margin densely fringed. A native of Cayuga 
AO 
