340 WOODY PLANTS OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
the neighborhood of London, the plants, at two years from the 
seed, may be procured at 3s. per 1000; transplanted plants, one 
foot or more in height, at 10s., about $225 per 1000. Some 
of the many varieties, particularly the weeping ash, are prized 
for their beauty. 
The green ash may, hereafter, be found in Massachusetts, as 
it occurs in Canada. There are many other ash trees, probably 
thirty, but these are the best. 
FAMILY XVI. THE HOLLY FAMILY. AQUIFOLIACEZ. 
De Canpoutc. 
This consists of evergreen or deciduous shrubs or trees, with 
alternate or opposite leaves, which are often smooth and coria- 
ceous, and small, solitary or fascicled perfect flowers, or flowers 
wauting stamens or pistil, growing from the axils of the leaves. 
The calyx and corolla are imbricate in the bud before open- 
ing. ‘The calyx has four or six divisions. The corolla four to 
six lobes, united at their base, and there are as many stamens, 
inserted into it and alternate with its lobes. The ovary has 
two, six, or eight cells, with a pendulous ovule in each. The 
fruit is feshy, and opens not spontaneously, with from two to 
six stones, each containing a pendulous seed. 
The plants of this family are found in various parts of the 
world; three genera only in New England. Several of them 
have valuable properties. The bark and leaves of the European 
holly have been found efficacious in intermittent fevers. ‘The 
famous Jesuits’ tea of Paraguay is made of the leaves of an- 
other species of holly. Five millions of pounds are annually 
produced in that country. An inferior tea is made from another 
species in Brazil. The aborigines of the Southern States made 
great use of the infusion of a species of holly as a purifier of the 
system, and of that made from another plant of this family as 
an agreeable stimulant. The properties of a species of winter 
berry will be spoken of hereafter. Many of the species are 
favorites with the gardener, for their brilliant, evergreen foliage. 
