LIST OF ONE HUNDRED TEEES MOST VALUABLE FOR TIMBER. 



53 



List of one hundred species of trees of the United States most valuable for timher, with notes on their range of distribution , 



cultural requirements, and the character and uses of their wood — Continued. 



Hamo of species unci limit of size. 



8. CUBAIV PINE 



{Splash Pine. Swaaip Pine. 

 Bastard Pine.) 



(Pinus heteroj) hi/ 11 a (Ell.) 

 Sudw.) 



Height, 90 feet + ; diameter, 



2 feet + . 



9. LOBLOLLV PINE 

 (Old-field Pine.) 

 {Pimii> tmda Linn.) 



Height, 100 feet + ; diameter, 

 2£feet+. 



10. SPRUCE FIXE 



(Old-field Pine of Florida. 

 Cedar Pine. White Pine.) 



(Pinith glabra Waiter.) 



Height, 80 i'wt + ; diameter, 

 2ieet+. 



11. BUJLI-. PINE 



(Yellow Pine. Heavy-wooded 



Pine.) 



(Finns ponderosa Douglas.) 



Height, 200 feet+ ; diameter, 

 12 feet +. 



12. BRISTLE-CONE PfXE 



(Pinus arutata Engelm.) 



Height, 100 feet; diameter, 

 4 feet. 



13. SUGAR PINE 



(Pinus lambertiana Dougl.) 



Height, 150 feet |- ; diameter, 

 4 feet -f . 



14. SILVER PINE 



(Mountain Pine. Little Su- 

 gar Pine.) 



(Pinus monticola.) 



Height, 100 feet-j- ; diameter, 

 4 feet-}-. 



15. MONTEREY PINE 



(Pinus radiata Bon.) 



Height, 80 feet + ; diameter, 



2 feet -i-. 



Regions of abundant growth. 



Southern and southeastern coast; 

 local in swamps and near water 

 __ courses. 



Best development in eastern Flor- 

 ida. 



Southeastern 



Greatest development in Virginia 

 and North Carolina. 



Southeastern States 



Best development in Alabama and 

 Mississippi. 



Rocky Mountains to the Pacific, 

 up to high elevations; forming 

 forests. 



Best developed on western slope of 

 Sierras of northern and central 

 California. 



Local — Rocky Mountains a n d 

 southeastern California; above 

 7,500 feet. 



Western Pacific slope. 



Best development in Sierras of 

 central and northern California 

 above 4,000 feet; lower in Ore- 

 gon. 



Northern Rocky Mountains and 

 Western Paeitie slope. 



Best development numerically in 

 northern Idaho. 



Local— California coast, south of 

 San Francisco. 



Soil and climate, and characteristics of growth. 



Light sandy soil; somewhat indifferent to drainage. 



Rapid grower,; easily reproduced; matures seed yearly; compet- 

 ing with the Longleaf Pine on wet sags; light-needing. 



Low, moist, or dry sandy soils and abandoned fields. 



Adapted to a wide range of sites. 



Rapid grower; light-needing ; seeds persistently and plentifully. 

 A useful concomitant of Southern forestry. 



Grows on better and moister soils than Finns toeda, especially on 

 hummocks and lieh bottom lands; rare; usually isolated or in 

 groups. 



A rapid grower; shade-enduring. 



Dry rocky ridges and prairies, sometimes in swamps; but best 

 in deep'loanvy sand. 



Vigorous, rapid grower; very hardy, except wh^n quite young. 



Well adapted to dry, windy, exposed places; succeeds on West- 

 ern prairies. 



The pine for reforesting southern exposures of the Western 

 mountain regions. 



Dry, gravelly ridges. 



The White Pine for cover of high elevations in southern Rocky 

 Mountains. 



Very rapid grower. 



Quite hardy in the East. 



Best Pine for reforestation in its native habitat. 



Similar to Sugar Pine, which it accompanies on the Pacilic slope. 



Light, well-drained soils, and on drifting sands. 



Easily propagated ; seed of very high percentage of germina- 

 tion; very rapid grower. Useful for reforesting Western 

 barrens. 



II. Spruces.— Next in importance to the pines, though the wood is less resinous, weaker, and not so durable. 

 Of northern or mountain habitat, in cool situations and moist soils; endures shade, and grows mostly with rapidity 

 and persistency. The Norway Spruce of Europe appears, so far, superior for forestry to the native species. 



Characteristics.— Leaves single, rigid, sharp-pointed, four-cornered, bristling mostly all around the twigs; cones 

 oblong, hanging, with thin, persistent scales ; seeds resembling those of the pines, but usually smaller, more uniform 

 in color, and angular; mature the first year, and preserve power of germination well; mostly periodical, but seeds 

 abundantly; crown pyramidal; about twelve species, of which five are indigenous. Spruce wood resembles soft 

 pine, is light, soft, stiff, moderately strong, less resinous than pine; has no distinct heartwood, and is of whitish 

 color; used like soft pine, but also employed as resonance wood, and preferred for paper pulp. Spruces, like pines, 

 form extensive forests. They are more frugal, thrive on thinner soils, and bear more shade, but usually require a 

 more humid climate. " Black" and "white" spruce, as applied by lumbermen, usually refer to narrow and wide 

 ringed forms of the Black Spruce (Ficea mariana). 



