56 



FORESTRY INVESTIGATIONS U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



List of one hundred species of trees of the Hiked State* most valuable for timber, with notes on their range of distribution, 



cultural requirements, and the character and use of their wood— Continued. 



Name of species and limit of size. 



28. BALD CrPRGNJ* 



(Taxodiuw diUichum Rich.) 



Height, 150 feet; diameter, 

 8 feet. 



29. TAMARACK 



(Black Larch. Hackmatack ) 



(Larix lan'cina (Du Roi) Koch.) 



Height, 80 feet ; diameter, 

 1 foot +. 



30. WESTERN I, ARCH. 

 (Tamarack.) 

 (Larix occidental^ Nutt.) 



Height, 100 feet -|- ; diame- 

 ter, 4 feet -f. 



Region? of abundant growth. 



South Atlantic and Gulf States, 

 forming forests in swamps and 

 pine-barren ponds. 



Northeastern (in "United States) . . . 



Best development probably north 

 of the United Stateb boundary. 



Northwestern ; elevations between 

 2,300 and 5,000 feet. 



Rest development in valley of Plat- 

 head River, Montana, 



Soil and climate, and characteristic^ of growth. 



Indifferent to imperfect drainage and flooding, but capable of 

 rapid growth on well-drained, moist, sandy soils, and hardy 

 as far north as latitude 39° and 40°, and even on Western 

 prairies. Positively light-needing. To be recommended for 

 extensive planting in favorable situations, where even, supe- 

 rior lumber may be expected. 



North of United States boundary, found on moist uplands; 

 south in'United States, in cold, wet swamps ; but probably of 

 more value when grown on deep, moist, well-drained soils, in 

 cool situations. 



Rapid and persistent grower; light-needing. Deserves attention 

 in Northern forestry, but only in mixed growths. 



An important tree as a "Western representative of the foregoing 

 species, occupying dry slopes in dry climate. 



VI. CvrEKSs Family. — Under this head may well he grouped the junipers and so-called cedars, to which can 

 be added the California redwoods. Characterized mostly by the shingle-like arrangement of their small, scaly 

 leaves, the small, roundish fruit (a cone, or berry-like), and by the usually upright habit of the branches and scanty 

 fall of leaves. 



Their great endurance of shade makes them valuable adjuncts to forestry; otherwise of only secondary impor- 

 tance. Of the many species contained in seven genera, but fourteen are found in the United States. 



Wood light, soft, stiff, not strong, of fine texture; sap and heartwood distinct, the former lighter, the latter a 

 dull, grayish brown, or red. The wood seasons rapidly, shrinks and checks but little, and is very durable. Used 

 like soft pine, but owing to its great durability preferred for shingles, etc. Small sizes used for posts, ties, etc. 

 Cedars usually occur scattered, but they form in certain localities forests of considerable extent 



Name of speeie.s and limit of size. 



31. RE3tt J"UNII»E1E 



(Savin.) 



(Jimipems virgin Ian a Linn.) 



Height, 50 feet -f ; diameter, 

 1^ feet -(- . 



32. WHITE CEDAR 



(Chamcecypaiia thy aides (Linn.), 

 B.S.P.) 

 Height, 70 feet -f ; diameter, 

 H feet -j~. 



33. PORT ORFORD CEDAR 



( Cham cpcypai is I a u* ,s on tana 

 (Murr.) Pari.) 



Height, 150 feet + ; diameter, 

 Sleet +. 



34. YELLOW CEDAR 



(Chammcypavis noothatensis 

 (Lamb.) Spa eh ) 

 Height, 150 feet -f ; diameter, 

 5 feet +. 



Regions of abundant grow th. 



Eastern United States. 



Best development in valley of Red 

 River, Texas. 



Atlantic and Gulf States to cen- 

 tral Mississippi. 



Most abundant and best developed 

 in Virginia and North Carolina. 



Small range ; in Oregon along west- 

 ern coast fiom Coos Pay, Oregon, 

 to Crescent City, Cal. 



Northwest coast region, from Mt. 

 Jeilerson northward. Most com- 

 mon on the seacoast north of 

 United States boundary. 



Soil and climate, and characteristics of growth. 



35. ARBOR YITJE 



(White Cedae.) 



(Thuja occi&entalis Linn.) 



Height, 50 ieet -+-; diameter, 

 H feet. 



3G. GIANT ARBOR YITiE 



(Red Cedar. Yellow Cedar.) 



(Thuja plicata Don.) 



Height, 150 feet -f ; diameter, 

 9 feet -t- . 



Northeastern 

 ward. 



States and north- 



Northwestern coast and from Hum- 

 boldt, Cal., to British Columbia. 

 Best development north of 

 Seattle. 



Prefers a mild climate; deep swamps, borders of streams, 

 ridges, hills; will thme on a rather dry, loose .soil. Easily 

 propagated from seed and cuttings. Perhaps the most im- 

 portant conifer for Southwestern praiiie planting, enduring 

 drought and partial shade. Tolerably rapid grower. 



Always in low, marshy, or wet ground, where it thrives well 

 and grows rapidly. Enduies moist, upland soils, but with 

 slow growth. Very shade enduring; tasy to propagate from 

 seed or cuttings. 



Commonly in low, moist, rich soil. Apparently hardy in the 

 Northeastern States and succeeds on deep, rich, upland soils 

 and maintains itself in cla^ loam. 



Liko Arbor Vita3. 



Will grow well in any soil not too stiff; often forming dense, 

 pure growths in wet, boggy swamps. Rapid grower; easily 

 propagated; desiiablo ibr"undergrowth and to lill out places 

 where other trees fail to come. 



Like the above species, on Pacific coast. 



