62 



FORESTRY INVESTIGATIONS U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



List of one hundred species of trees of the United States most valuable for timber, with notes on their range of distribution, 



cultural requirements, and the character and uses of their wood— Continued. 



Name of species and limit of size. 



82. RED MAPLE. 



(Soft Maple. Water Maple. 

 Swamp Maple.) 



(Acer rubrum Linn.) 



Height, 90 feet + ; diameter, 

 3 teet -f . 



83. OREGON MAPLE. 



(California Maple. Broad- 

 leafed Maple.) 



(Acer macrophyllum, Pursh.) 



Height, 90 feet ■+■ ; diameter, 

 4 feet + . 



84. BOX ELDER 



(Ash-leaved Maple.) 



(Acer tug undo Linn ) 



Height, 50 feet -f- , diameter, 

 2 feet -(- . 



Eegions of abundant growth. 



Eastern United States and north- 

 ward; wide range. 



Greatest development in valleys of 

 lower Wabash and Yazoo rivers. 



Pacific slope. 



Best development on rich bottom 

 lands of southern Oregon. 



85. WHITE Eli m 



(American Elm. "Water Elm.) 



(Ulmus ameHcana Linn.) 



Height, 100 feet +■ ; diameter, 

 3£+. 



East of Rooky Mountains, rather 

 Southern and Western. 



Best development in valleys of 

 Wabash and Cumberland rivers. 



East of the Rocky Mountains. 



86* CORK BLM. 



Probably attains its best develop- 

 ments* near its northern limits. 



(Hickory Elm, White Elm. 

 Cliff Elm.) 



(Ulmus racemosa, Thomas.) 



Height, 90 feet -f ; diameter, 

 2 feet +. 



87. WING ELM 



( Ulmus alata Michx.) 



Height, 80 feet -f- ; diameter, 

 2feet+. 



88. SLIPPERY ELM 



(Red Elm. Moose Elm.) 



(Ulmus pubescens Thomas.) 



Height, 60 feet |- ; diameter, 

 2 feet + . 



Northeastern United States 



Best development in southern On- 

 tario and Michigan. 



Southeastern United States. 



89. YELLOW BIRCH 



(Gray Birch ) 

 (Betula lutea Michx. f.) 



Height, 80 feet + ; diameter, 

 3 feet +. 



90. SWEET BIRCH 



(Cherry Birch. Mahogany 

 Birch ) 



(Betula lenta Linn.) 



Height, 60 feet -j- ; diameter, 

 3 feet + . 



91. RIVER BIRCH 



(Betula nigra, Linn.) 



Height, 80 feet -f ; diameter, 

 3 feet. 



92. CANOE BIRCH. 



Best development west of the 

 Mississippi River. 



Northern Atlantic and Gulf States. 



Best development in Western 

 States. 



Northeastern United States and 

 northward. 



Best development north of the 

 Great Lakes. 



Same range as Yellow Birch. 



Eastern States. 



(White Birch. Paper Birch.) 



(Betula papyrif era Marshall.) 



Height, 60 feet + ; diameter, 

 2 feet +. 



Best development in the South 

 Atlantic and Lower Mississippi 

 Valley regions. 



Northwestern, Northern, and 

 Northeastern in United States. 



Reaches a higher latitude than any 

 other American deciduous tree. 



Soil and climate, and characteristics of growth. 



Best on low wet soils, but will thrive in moderately dry 

 situations. 



Rapid, but moderately persistent grower; endures moie shade 

 than JL. saccharmum L. ; sprouts vigorously from the stump. 



Usefulness in dry climates questionable. 



Rich bottom lands. 



Rapid grower in moist climate. 



Important on the Pacific slope. 



Best on low, rich ground, but will succeed on upland. 



Rapid but not persistent grower; sprouts well from the stump; 

 hardy. Easily propagated. 



Eor forestry purposes, imported only as nurse and soil cover, 

 especially in Western planting. 



Adapted to a great variety of soils, but best on a rich, loose, 

 moist one; requires less moisture than the ashes; bears 

 occasional flooding. 



Rapid and persistent grower ; sprouts well , endureo moderate 

 shade. 



Important in forestry mainly as a nurse and for soil cover. 



Recommended for Western planting. 



Rich, moist, heavy, loamy soils. 



Probably to take the place of the White Elm in forestry. 



Most commonly on dry, gravelly uplands, but frequently in 

 moist bottoms and along water courses. Very adaptive," and 

 to be used in Southwestern planting in place of the White 

 Elm. 



Rich, moist, well-drained soil, much like that of the White 

 Elm, but -will bear drier and more elevated situations. 



Rapid but not persistent grower. Easily propagated. 



Cool, moist atmosphere preferable. Capable of thriving on poor, 

 but best on a moderately deep, loose, moist sand; hardy and 

 very adaptive as to soils. 



Rapid and tolerably peisistent grower; sprouting qualities 

 greatly dependent on site. Vigorously in moist soils. Light 

 needing. Easily propagated. 



Same as above species, but apparently not as rapid nor as per 

 sistent a growei. 



Almost exclusively on moist or inundated bottoms, along 

 streams, and near ponds. Succeeds ^ ery well on moist, rich, 

 porous, upland soils. Important as a substitute for Northern 

 birches in Southwestern planting. 



Mostly on sandy soils in northern climates. 



Not on clay lands where the Yellow Birch thrives. 



