ATTACKING THE LEAVES. 31 



changes to a brown chrysalis. The moth does not appear 

 until the following summer, and is most common in July. 

 (See Fig. 79.) 



The fore wings are light brown, variegated with patches 

 of greenish white, with many wavy lines of a dark-brown 

 color, two of which enclose a small 

 whitish space ; at the base there ^iQ- '^9. 



is a short blackish mark near the 

 middle ; the tip and the outer hind 

 margin are whitish, tinged with 

 red in the males, and near the outer 

 hind angle there are two black 

 dashes and one small white dash. The hind wings of the 

 male are dirty white, with a dusky spot on the inner hind 

 angle, those of the female sometimes entirely dusky. The 

 body is brownish, with two narrow black bands across the 

 front part of the thorax. When the wings are expanded, 

 this moth measures from an inch and a quarter to an inch 

 and a half across. It is double-brooded in the South, the 

 moths of the first brood appearing early in June, those of 

 the second in August ; in the North it is also sometimes 

 double-brooded. 



This insect is rarely present in sufficient numbers to do 

 any material damage ; and it seldom attracts the notice of the 

 fruit-grower, unless by the singular appearance of the cater- 

 pillar and its remarkable combination of colors. No para- 

 sites have yet been recorded as preying on it, though doubtless 

 it suffers in this way in common with most other insects. 



No. 30.— The Turnus Swallow-tail. 



Papilio turnus Linn. 



Every one must have seen the large turnus swallow-tail 

 butterfly floating about in the warm days of June and July, 

 enjoying the sunshine, drinking from the wayside pool, or 

 sipping the honey from flowers. It is one of our largest and 

 liandsomest butterflies, measuring, when its wings are ex- 



6 



