92 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE. 



plum, j)each, cherry, rose, raspberry, gooseberry, currant, 

 strawberry, and probably some other phmts, shrubs, and trees. 



Remedies. — In the larval state this insect is -infested by a 

 })arasite, a species of Ichneumon. A single parasite almost 

 fills the body of the caterpillar, and yet the latter goes on 

 actively feeding, and grows to maturity without showing any 

 signs of inconvenience. When about to enter the chrysalis 

 state, the occupant eats its way out of the l>ody of its victim, 

 which shrinks up and dies, and the parasite spins a cocoon 

 within the leafy enclosure, and forms a chrysalis nearly as 

 large as that of the leaf-roller, from which, in due time, a 

 four- winged fly escapes. 



The depredations of this foe are sometimes serious, more 

 especially when it selects as its abode the tertninal branches 

 of the tree, and thus checks its growth. Whenever practi- 

 cable, the curled and twisted clusters of leaves should be 

 pinched and the larvae crushed ; if out of reach, syringing 

 with powdered hellebore and water, in the proportion of an 

 ounce to a pailful of water, or with Paris-green and water, in 

 the proportion of a teaspoonful to a pailful of water will 

 destroy many of them. 



No. 36. — The Lesser Apple-leaf Folder. 



Teras malivorana (Le Baron). 



The caterpillar of this species is a small greenish worm, 

 smooth, with a pale-brown head and whitish markings. 

 Those of the first brood make their api)earance with the 

 opening foliage in spring ; the opposite edges of the tender 

 leaves are drawn together upwards, and fastened with a silken 

 web, thus forming a roof over the insect, which serves the 

 double purpose of shelter and protection. The second brood, 

 hatching later in the season from eggs laid on the surface of 

 the mature and less yielding leaf, do not draw its edges to- 

 gether, but simply construct a web over the surface of the 

 leaf. When mature, the caterpillar eats off the upper cuticle 

 of 'part of a leaf, and brings the edges together, tying them 



