THE VEGETABLE CELL 117 



d. Sc, nat 3^}i'3 S&r.^' iii. 27:1^); likewise possess a circle of very 

 niiinerous cilifB. 



Whether, as Agardh assumedj the power of motion in the spores 

 of the lower, and the want of it in those of the higher Algae (the 

 GermTiiecBy Floridece, and Fucacece) warrants a rigid division of 

 these plants into two sections, appears very doubtful, for accord- 

 ing to Decaisne and Thuret {"Ann. d. Sc. nat Sme Ber!' iii 10) 

 not only do the spores of the Fucacese present the same coat 

 covered with short cilise as those of Vaueheria, which, however, 

 either from the size or some other cause are motionless, but there 

 also occur in the Fucaccss small moving spores bearing two cilise, 

 enclosed in special cells, sometimes on the same plants that produce 

 the spores, sometimes on distinct specimens. The said observers, 

 indeed, have not recognized them as spores, but interpreted them 

 as seminal filaments, but they have not the least resemblance to 

 these, while they agree with the zoospores in form and in the pre- 

 sence of a red point, the so-called eye. It is truly a remarkable 

 circumstance tliat one plant should bear two kinds of sjpores, dif- 

 ferently formed, but the same occurs again as an universal rule in 

 the OeramiecB and Floridsce, for these plants bear not only the 

 generally recognized spores, and gemmse testifying their nature 

 as such by generation, which originate, like pollen-grains, in a 

 parent-cell dividing into four chambers (the so-called tetra- 

 spores)^ but other spores also, which are not produced in fours in 

 a parent-cell, and are contained in variable numbers in fructifica- 

 tions of the most diverse shapes (oapsula^ glomeruli, favella, frc). 

 The spores of this second kind germinate, as Agardh has shewn, 

 like the tetraspores, their membrane extending itself on one side 

 into a root-like prolongation, on the other into a filament whieli 

 divides into cells, and grows up into a pi mt. 



Decaisne and Thuret observed a most peculiar circumstance in 

 the spores of man^ Fucoideje ; namely, the spores had not com- 

 pleted their development at the time of their maturation and de- 

 tachment fi:om the parent plant, for, after this, commenced a divi- 

 sion into the proper germinating spores (in Fucus serratns and 

 vesieulosus into eight, in F, nodosus into four, in F, eanalicu- 

 latus into two secondary spores). 



Martins thought he had found, in the spores of Fueus, that the 

 separate spores did not grow up into new plants, but as in the 

 Fungi, a number of germinating spores became conjoined to form 

 one common plant. This has been sufficiently refuted by Agardh, 

 Decaisne, and Thuret. The spores of the Fucoideae germinate like 

 those of all other Algae, by expansion of their internal coat on one 

 side, into a root-like fibre, on the other into a filament which 

 becomes subdivided into cells. 



** Propagation of the Gryptoga/mB having Stern cmd Leaves. 



While in the three families of Oryptogamia possessing a thallus 

 (with the exception of the Charas, to be mentioned presently) all 



