156 FOREST PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION 
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procedure all of the new brood is destroyed, but unfortunately all 
of its parasitic enemies are also killed. A better method, but one 
involving more trouble, is that recommended by A. D. Hopkins, of 
the U. S. Bureau of Entomology. He recommends that the col- 
lected leaders be confined in tight barrels, closed at each end with 
ordinary wire screen. This allows the smaller parasites to escape. 
By the time cold weather begins, all of the weevil will have emerged 
from the leaders earlier collected, and will have died, so that the 
screens can then be removed and the barrels and their contents left 
until the succeeding June to allow the emergence of the larger para- 
sites which develop later. The leaders collected later in the 
season—those wilting after the middle of July—should either be 
burned at once, or should be kept screened until the midsummer 
following, as some of the weevil will not be ready to emerge until 
the following spring. 
Plantations, whether known to be infested or not, and natura! 
woodlands in the vicinity of plantations, should be inspected at least 
twice during the summer (late in June and again about the middle 
of July) and all wilted leaders collected and either burned at once 
or confined in screened containers as recommended above. It 
should be borne in mind that weevils develop just as readily in nat- 
ural growths of pine where these occur in the open, as they do in 
planted trees. The adults are equipped with wings and are cap- 
able of flying for a considerable distance, so that no matter how 
clear of dying leaders a plantation be kept, it will certainly become 
reinfested if the weevil breeding in the woodlands of the vicinity 
are not also destroyed. Above all things, it should be borne in 
mind that the mere removal of the infested leader does no good. 
for the insects will breed just as readily in one broken off as in one 
still attached to the tree. It must either be destroyed by burning, 
or screened so that the emerging beetles cannot escape to infest 
new trees. 
In plantations where an infestation is thoroughly established, or 
in a region in which the weevils are numerous, the collection and 
treatment of infested terminals should be supplemented by other 
measures to prevent, in so far as is possible, the beetle from depos- 
iting its eggs. One means to this end consists in the collection and 
destruction of the weevil while they are on the terminals preparing 
to oviposit. With but little practice the insects can be readily seen 
upon the leaders just below the terminal group of buds. If the 
tree is slightly jarred the weevils will release their hold of the stem 
and drop to the ground. Advantage may be taken of this habit in 
